RSSHere are some good numbers from recent studies:
Contemporary Germany: 1% From checking for HLA type in medical cases.
contemporary Switzerland: 0.83%
Contemporary Iceland 1.49% (from DeCode)
Contemporary Dogon, in Mali. Mildly polygynous. : 1.8%
The caveat about past numbers, which I was foolishly waiting for someone else to mention, is that in the old days, bastards died like flies.
since we have done both this-generation and long-term, many-generations studies, we know that the numbers are about the same.
Greg, do you have a good current study in mind? The only one i saw referenced here in the comments was the French one Emila referenced with the 2.8% figure. (Which is high relative to the past study and strikes me as high for actual US marriages.)
since we have done both this-generation and long-term, many-generations studies, we know that the numbers are about the same.
But you can show me. I'm sure there has been more than one study of paternity, and they would differ, even if only marginally, and there must be a range of figures. So what is the high figure? And if we discount the highest and lowest result, as they do in the Olympics, what do we have left for a range?
So show me – but you can’t.
The last one of blacks, that I’m aware of, was in 1957. 10%, like I said. Highly dated – old techniques.
For Europeans, less than 2%.
I couod swear that I already said all this. Something about this topic clouds men’s minds.
Well, it got past a major publisher thirty or so years ago.
The study he referred to does not exist. It is an urban legend.
So show me – but you can’t.
Baker & Bellis built careers around another similar (but even more dramatic) imaginary study.
Is nonpaternity a lot higher in slum blacks? I know of only one half-decent publication on that , a long time ago, and there the number was indeed 10%. Needs to be redone: won’t be.
But you can show me. I'm sure there has been more than one study of paternity, and they would differ, even if only marginally, and there must be a range of figures. So what is the high figure? And if we discount the highest and lowest result, as they do in the Olympics, what do we have left for a range?
So show me – but you can’t.
Not true, never happened.
The study he referred to does not exist. It is an urban legend.
I think it’s interesting how so many people are still sure that cuckoldry was far more common than 1% – even though they are provably wrong.
There is actually an interesting caveat, but no one here is mentioning it.
And 10% of people are homosexuals. "Studies have shown".
I think it’s interesting how so many people are still sure that cuckoldry was far more common than 1% – even though they are provably wrong.
Well, it got past a major publisher thirty or so years ago.
The study he referred to does not exist. It is an urban legend.
I haven't done the math, but isn't everyone a "cousin" of everyone else in the world at that remove? Except for Andaman Islanders, and Keven Bacon, who isn't related to anyone.Replies: @gcochran
back six or seven generations
2^7 = 128.
No, he didn’t.
Except it's correct.
I’ve never been genuinely fat, but it’s a very ‘American’ thing to reach for the idiot’s simple “they must be lazy and gluttonous” explanation.
Lab animals have also been getting fatter. “What’s more, the increased body weights and increased likelihood of obesity were found even in animals whose diets and physical activity levels were known to be the same throughout the study period.”
https://www.the-scientist.com/daily-news/animals-are-getting-fatter-too-42960
General relativity is an exact, deterministic theory. Equating it with philosophical relativism is like equating lightning and lightning bugs, only dumber.
Falsification? Kepler was trying to figure out the orbit of Mars – but his attempt didn’t fit Tycho’s observations, which Kepler knew to be accurate. So, false, and back to the drawing board.
Progress in thoroughbreds was limited, in part, by small effective population size. You don’t have to do that.
Every animal breeder knew.
She and her co-articlists are busy on twitter congratulating themselves, and being congratulated by others, on this “explainer”.Replies: @gcochran
Dr. Raff’s Vita
CURRICULUM VITAE
Jennifer A. (Kedzie) Raff
Department of Anthropology
University of Kansas
Education
2008 Ph.D., Anthropology and Genetics (dual degree), Indiana University,
Bloomington, IN.
Dissertation: An Ancient DNA Perspective on the Prehistory of the Lower Illinois Valley
2008 M.A., Anthropology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN.
2001 B.A., Biology and Anthropology (double major): Indiana University, Bloomington, IN.
Professional Positions
2015-present Assistant Professor, Department of Anthropology, University of Kansas.
2013-2015 Research Fellow: Department of Anthropology, University of Texas at Austin
2011-2013 Postdoctoral Fellow: Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University at Chicago
2008-2011 Postdoctoral Associate: Department of Anthropology, University of Utah at Salt Lake City
2002-2008 Graduate Researcher: Departments of Biology and Anthropology, Indiana University at Bloomington
2001-2002 Research Assistant: Department of Biology, Indiana University at Bloomington
1997-2001 Undergraduate Research Assistant: Department of Biology, Indiana University at Bloomington
I knew people that knew her when she had that postdoc at Utah. She’s not bright.
Not really.
At the low point, probably << 30,000. I've seen estimates under 10,000.
It’s just false.
You have the Classical-> Hellenistic trend backwards.
“For anyone capable of statistical math having one child early equals having a standard number of children later in life.”
Nope.
Interesting interpretation, but what I meant was that the most that could be said was that a Jefferson male was the father (and there is some tiny doubt there, but not worth worrying about). And that one could not go beyond that to say Thomas Jefferson in particular was the father.
No, you said that “at best”. As if to imply there were good odds that a Jefferson male waan’t the father.
Where exactly did I do that? At least now I understand why you reacted so strongly to my comments, but I don't see where I ever eliminated Thomas Jefferson as the potential father.
And this was AFTER you had previously eliminated Thomas Jefferson as a potential father, based on no evidence of any kind, but an Ann Coulter-tier book.
In some cases. Which was what my mutation caveats were about. But that appears to happen at a higher rate than I realized (still low though, see below). Here is one paper. BTW, comments like this indicate you do know something. It would be helpful if you would back up your assertions though.
What? Yes they can, Y-STR can distinguish between even father and son.
Note that only 1 Y-STR mutation was seen across multiple people and all of those generations. So in only one of all of those father-son relationships would it have been possible to differentiate them using the data in the 1998 paper.
In the paternity dispute of former US President Thomas Jefferson (1743–1826), Y-STR and Y-SNP analysis demonstrated that several currently living male relatives of Thomas Jefferson share the same Y haplotype as a living descendent of Eston Hemings Jefferson, son of Sally Hemings—the President’s African American female slave (except for one repeat difference at one Y-STR, which could be easily explained by a mutation) (Foster et al. 1998). This indicates that President Jefferson had sired Eston Hemings Jefferson, or alternatively, his brother Randolph did; two scenarios such Y-chromosome analysis cannot differentiate. However, living male descendent of Thomas Corbin Woodson, the previously assumed full brother of Eston Hemings Jefferson, showed a very different Y haplotype, indicating that his biological father was a different man (Foster et al. 1998).
Yes. The first report is clearly in the TJ is the father camp. I note that you did not engage with the second report which presents the not-TJ arguments.
It then went on to dispell the notion that they visited regularly and that anyone but Jefferson is the father.
No. Let me repeat part of the quote from the 2017 paper I linked above titled: Forensic use of Y-chromosome DNA: a general overview
Incorrect; the same standard of proof is used daily in the United States to establish paternity. Thomas Jefferson is the father of Eston, it’s 100% proven.
I am assuming Manfred Kayser (author of that paper) knows rather more than either of us about what can and cannot be done with Y chromosome data. But feel free to present different opinions from actual experts on the topic. Until then consider your "100% proven" statement decisively refuted.
This indicates that President Jefferson had sired Eston Hemings Jefferson, or alternatively, his brother Randolph did; two scenarios such Y-chromosome analysis cannot differentiate.
OK. You completely ignored the meatiest part of my comment (why doesn't that surprise me?) so let's be very explicit about it. The following reference presents the best case arguing the not-TJ position. I have already disproven your "100% proven" statement, but if you want to continue arguing a weaker version of that then please read this and address its points.
Your entire post relies on long quotes of no relevance and whimpy cries of “ad hominem”, as if to camouflage a mere two points of your own: that Thomas Jefferson was 65 when Eston was born and that another Hemmijgs descendant’s family refuses DNA testing: hardly evidence of any kind against his paternity.
In short, the best evidence is in
The second (and most recent) report was released as a book in 2011: https://www.amazon.com/Jefferson-Hemings-Controversy-Report-Scholars-Commission/dp/0890890854
Here are the first 15 pages: https://cap-press.com/pdf/1179.pdf
An overview from Amazon:I looked harder and found this page which links to a 40 page summary from the book: https://www.tjheritage.org/the-scholars-commission
In 2000, the newly formed Thomas Jefferson Heritage Society asked a group of more than a dozen senior scholars from across the country to carefully examine all of the evidence for and against the allegations that Thomas Jefferson fathered one or more children by Sally Hemings, one of his slaves, and to issue a public report. In April 2001, after a year of study, the Scholars Commission issued the most detailed report to date on the issue. With but a single mild dissent, the views of the distinguished panel ranged from ”serious skepticism” to a conviction that the allegation was ”almost certainly false.” This volume, edited by Scholars Commission Chairman Robert F. Turner, includes the ”Final Report”–essentially a summary of arguments and conclusions–as it was released to the press on April 12, 2001. However, several of the statements of individual views–which collectively total several hundred carefully footnoted pages and constitute the bulk of the book–have been updated and expanded to reflect new insights or evidence since the report was initially released.
It’s not possible to cut and paste from that, but I suggest at minimum looking at the final paragraph on page 18.
Topday, one could probably resolve the issue.
Step 2: sequence the Y chromosomes ( entire sequence, not just STRs)
Step 1: dig up Thomas Jefferson
I know you are knowledgeable about things like this so would enjoy hearing your thoughts in more detail.
There are no living male-line descendants of Madison Hemings. Beverley Hemings' descendants have been lost to history, as he apparently changed his name after moving to Washington, DC and passing into white society. Descendants of Madison Hemings declined to have the remains of his son William Hemings disturbed to extract DNA for testing (he was buried in a VA cemetery), just as Wayles-Jefferson descendants declined to have Thomas Jefferson's remains disturbed.[23]
Split the difference: Boot should go half-way back to where he came from.
Sure it’s significant.
When you look at things like this, you need to test whether or not this is statistically significant from zero; it likely is not.
The correlation within the self-identified blacks between IQ and European ancestry is positive but quite small (r = 0.09)
Nonsense. Go read many books.
It’s possible.
This was the solution that was proposed virtually from Day 1 and it was never workable even then and it sure isn't now after 400 years. You can't send American Blacks "back" to Africa because they have never been there. Most of them are 30%+ white - should you send 70% of their bodies to Africa and the rest to Europe? Africa is vast and American blacks are all mixed up now. If we decided to send the Irish back to "Europe" would it make sense to send them to Greece? What if you are a typical American Irish-Italian-German hybrid - where do they send you?For better or for worse, we are stuck with black people. It was America's original sin to drag them over here, but we're stuck with them now.Any solution to any problem has to start with an accurate diagnosis before you can apply the cure. Unfortunately, we live in an age where the opposite is true. Society and government start from the premise that all racial gaps are due to racism (and in fact race doesn't even exist and has no genetic basis at all). This is like believing that disease is caused by an excess of bad humors in the blood - the "cure" that then follows (bleeding the patient) is of course wrong too. As is the case with many failing causes, lack of empirical proof or success only causes the proponents to double down even more. E. German academic journals were expounding on the validity of Marxist-Leninist economic theory right up until the day that the Berlin Wall fell. As the doubts grew, any dissenting voices were repressed all the more. But if you attempt to posit a different or genetic cause then you are a "racist" and beyond the pale of polite society. As long as this situation prevails, there's really no hope for a solution.What would a realistic solution look like? It would start with a realistic appraisal of black strengths (and weaknesses) and propensity toward violence. There is a small % of black people who are intelligent and calm enough (Obama, although not actually African American is their poster boy) to thrive in white society on equal terms. The rest need a much more structured environment than what is currently being offered (until they end up in prison, where things are REALLY structured). Ideally this structure would come from within the black community itself, since people hate taking orders from outsiders. Black education (for those who do not show mainstream intellectual talent at an early age) would be aimed more at blacks strengths in the kinetic, improvisational, musical, athletic and visio-spatial realm because they are never going to learn material with a high level of abstraction anyway. How you could get jobs for 13% of the population out of this, I can't say, but what we are doing now is just throwing $ down the drain for the 1/2 or more of blacks who just don't have the intellectual HP to benefit from an education in abstract concepts.Replies: @gcochran, @frankie p, @AnotherDad
Blacks should be repatriated back to Africa.
On visuospatial tasks, blacks do about a standard deviation worse than whites.
There’s a suspicion that the referendum on joining Canada was rigged, in order to prevent that.
Eddie Bunker, who was inside along with Jackson, said was responsible for starting purely racially targeted killings inside prison, and that as a good looking man draped in chains he must have stirred powerful emotions in Davis.
Jackson ordered Rubico to open all the cells and along with several other inmates he overpowered the remaining correction officers and took them, along with two inmates, hostage. Five other hostages, officers Jere Graham, Frank DeLeon and Paul Krasnes, along with two white prisoners, were killed and found in Jackson's cell. Three other officers, Rubico, Kenneth McCray, and Charles Breckenridge, were also shot and stabbed, but survived.[17] After finding the keys for the Adjustment Center's exit, Jackson along with fellow inmate and close friend Johnny Spain escaped to the yard where Jackson was shot dead from a tower and Spain surrendered.[18][19] Jackson was killed just three days prior to the start of his murder trial for the 1970 killing of officer John Mills.[19]
Fay Stender made me laugh.
It _is_ dependent upon religion. ” Lebanese Christians and all Druze cluster together, and Lebanese Muslims are extended towards Syrians, Palestinians, and Jordanians, which are close to Saudis and Bedouins. ” The Moslems also have more, and more recent, sub-saharan African admixture.
When the average of some trait differs between two groups, the fraction of the higher group exceeding a high threshold can be very much larger. This can go so far that single families from the high-average group can, at the highest level, out-compete whole nations.
My uncle was the CFO for Boeing Aerospace: earlier ran the Michoud plant for a while,where they built the first stage of the Saturn V.
There’s not much to the Moon landing, technically: get a big enough rocket, have the third stage push the capsule into a lunar orbit. Landing and returning to lunar orbit is easy with 1/6th gravity.
Hardest part was the hydrogen-oxygen second stage. Very nice specific impulse, but tricky to work with.
Yeah, except you are sitting on top of a controlled explosion. A little thing goes awry, and you're dead.
There’s not much to the Moon landing, technically: get a big enough rocket, have the third stage push the capsule into a lunar orbit. Landing and returning to lunar orbit is easy with 1/6th gravity.
“He was hired into that job by Donald Barr, the father of the current US Attorney General, William Barr.”
!
If the Israelis lost to some Arab state or coalition, that would be right too. Right?
Is it possible “Palestine” was an anachronistic term used by this Yahya ibn al-Bitriq fellow?Replies: @gcochran
An Arabic compendium of Meteorology, called al-'Athar al-`Ulwiyyah (Arabic: الآثار العلوية) and produced c. 800 CE by the Antiochene scholar Yahya ibn al-Bitriq, was widely circulated among Muslim scholars over the following centuries.[1] This was translated into Latin by Gerard of Cremona in the 12th century – and by this means, during the Twelfth-century Renaissance, entered the Western European world of medieval scholasticism.[2] Gerard's "old translation" (vetus translatio) was superseded by an improved text by William of Moerbeke, the nova translatio, which was widely read, as it survives in numerous manuscripts; it received commentary by Thomas Aquinas and was often printed during the Renaissance.[3]
Used plenty in Hellenistic times. Earlier too; Herodotus
c. 340 BC: Aristotle, Meteorology, “Again if, as is fabled, there is a lake in Palestine, such that if you bind a man or beast and throw it in it floats and does not sink, this would bear out what we have said. They say that this lake is so bitter and salt that no fish live in it and that if you soak clothes in it and shake them it cleans them.”
Is it possible “Palestine” was an anachronistic term used by this Yahya ibn al-Bitriq fellow?Replies: @gcochran
An Arabic compendium of Meteorology, called al-'Athar al-`Ulwiyyah (Arabic: الآثار العلوية) and produced c. 800 CE by the Antiochene scholar Yahya ibn al-Bitriq, was widely circulated among Muslim scholars over the following centuries.[1] This was translated into Latin by Gerard of Cremona in the 12th century – and by this means, during the Twelfth-century Renaissance, entered the Western European world of medieval scholasticism.[2] Gerard's "old translation" (vetus translatio) was superseded by an improved text by William of Moerbeke, the nova translatio, which was widely read, as it survives in numerous manuscripts; it received commentary by Thomas Aquinas and was often printed during the Renaissance.[3]
The above is of course an English translation. What word was used for "Palestine" in Aristotle's original Greek?Replies: @Jack D
c. 340 BC: Aristotle, Meteorology, “Again if, as is fabled, there is a lake in Palestine (...)
From there they marched against Egypt: and when they were in the part of Syria called Palestine [ ἐν τῇ Παλαιστίνῃ Συρίῃ], Psammetichus king of Egypt met them and persuaded them with gifts and prayers to come no further. So they turned back, and when they came on their way to the city of Ascalon in Syria, most of the Scythians passed by and did no harm, but a few remained behind and plundered the temple of Heavenly Aphrodite.
I followed Duesberg from when he started talking about his: he never made any sense, and every one of his predictions was falsified Part of his schtick was that there are only one or two ways that a virus can cause illness. I thought it odd to hear that from a virologist, since I knew more ways: infected cells being killed by the immune system,for example, as happens in LCMV.
The bit about HIV not really being the cause was probably news to Isaac Asimov and Paul Gann. There were plenty of transfusion cases. In my favorite example, there was a magazine whose raison d’etre was that AIDs wasn’t really caused by HIV. Coincidentally, all the editors happened to have HIV, and even more coincidentally, the magazine ceased publication when every one of them died of AIDs. Definitive end of an argument: if only it were always thus.
Duesberg used a mix of lies, lawyerism, making up special new and unsupported theories to paper over every falsified prediction – should sound familiar !
Nonsense.
Duesberg was, and is, a loon.
They are, though. In the US, ~55% of cases
I don't believe that for a second. No ... freaking ... way. Even now, there are still a lot of closeted gays who won't cop to having taken it up the poop chute (looking at you, Magic).Basically, the suspension of disbelief is similar to this:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PMt7C3COiVM
In the US, ~55% of cases
That was sarcasm: rabies affects behavior, so does syphilis. Far more solidly established than toxo effect in humans.
And many interesting examples are known in other species.
When my beard has grown around the table three times, I will awaken.
Schizophrenia is not caused by random mutations, but has been pinned down in GWAS studies. Plomin talks about it in his book, chapter 6, "Generalist Genes." Schizophrenia is in a cluster of mental ilnesses that are almost indistinguishable from each other at the genetic level, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depression (which is a completely different condition than depression itself, which is clustered with anxiety disorders).
I think this is part of it, but another large part is multicausal/rare random mutation as with schizophrenia.
Random mutations are almost certainly a big part of it, but GWAS does not detect them. The bit about the GWAS risk genes for schiz also being risk genes for other mental illnesses is correct and interesting. In terms of causation, at least, our categorization of mental illness was not right.
tertiary syphilis affects your driving? Or was that rabies?
False. We know the real rates of false paternity, from the genetics: much lower, < 2% in every Western country. And it has been that way for hundreds of years, minimum.
Schlomo Sand is wrong. So are you: not least in thinking that there were only 100,000 Jews in Roman Palestine.
There are a number of factual comments about Jewish ancestry and genetics on this thread: most are wrong.
“The Nazis believed the Soviets were planning to attack. ” no. Maybe someday.
Neo-Hitties state were outliers of the original Hittite Empire, continued to be culturally influenced by the Hittites after the fall of the original Hittite Empire. Inscriptions in Anatolian hieroglyphs continued, some in Luwian. Some dynastic continuity, in the north.
The Brits never hired the Poles. Tommy Flowers designed Colossus, first electronic computer, used to break the Lorenz cipher – which was used for high-level communicationns between OKW and army commands. You’re thinking of the 4-rotor Enigma versions used by the Kriegsmarine.
I guess that Tommy Flowers is just too hetero to get a movie of his own....
The Brits never hired the Poles. Tommy Flowers designed Colossus, first electronic computer, used to break the Lorenz cipher – which was used for high-level communicationns between OKW and army commands. You’re thinking of the 4-rotor Enigma versions used by the Kriegsmarine.
It explains a lot. It would be extremely foolish to deny that test prep does not increase test scores. There would be no reason for test prep academies to exist if that was the case.
What causes the Asian % to be so much higher than everyone else’s, especially their demographic twins the Hispanics? According to the article, it’s access to test prep. There are a lot of test prep academies where the Asians live and not very many in el Bronx. Apparently this explains everything.
There were doctors in 1800, but they shortened your life, on average.
Stonecutters!
One of my grandfathers was a sharecropper.
He is indeed a serious theorist.Replies: @gcochran
Ed Wilson is an entomologist and popularizer, not a serious theorist.
No, he’s not. Can’t do math.
Replies: @gcochran
Although we only analysed mummified remains, there is little reason to believe that the burials Rubensohn excavated belonged exclusively to a group of prosperous inhabitants on the basis of the far published references to excavation diaries and Rubensohn’s preliminary reports that permit a basic reconstruction. Rather it seems arguable that the complete spectrum of society is represented, ranging from Late Period priests’ burials that stand out by virtue of their size and contents to simple inhumations that are buried with little to no grave goods2. The widespread mummification treatments in the Ptolemaic and Roman Periods in particular, leading to a decline in standards and costs48 and the generally modest appearance of many burials further supports this assessment.
Differences in ancestry between elites and average in ancient Egypt: I wouldn’t really expect much difference. Over time things tend to homogenize. At the very top, dynastic marriages may made a difference.
Do present-day Egyptians vary in SSA ancestry by social class? I don’t know. Copts have less, I think.
Given enough time, skin color alleles are no longer tightly associated with ancestry fractions.
Egyptians in Roman times had ~10% sub-Saharan African ancestry. mostly from Nubia. Today it’s about 20%, roughly equally from Nubia and West Africa.
I read the paper.
Replies: @gcochran
Although we only analysed mummified remains, there is little reason to believe that the burials Rubensohn excavated belonged exclusively to a group of prosperous inhabitants on the basis of the far published references to excavation diaries and Rubensohn’s preliminary reports that permit a basic reconstruction. Rather it seems arguable that the complete spectrum of society is represented, ranging from Late Period priests’ burials that stand out by virtue of their size and contents to simple inhumations that are buried with little to no grave goods2. The widespread mummification treatments in the Ptolemaic and Roman Periods in particular, leading to a decline in standards and costs48 and the generally modest appearance of many burials further supports this assessment.
Down Syndrome kids have lots of medical problems. 40% have congenital heart disease. Leukemia is way more common. etc/
It’s recessive. Takes a long time.
Yes, if the current system continued for another 500 or 1000 years, one could reasonably expect that the intelligence gap between men and women would get substantially wider.
Our systems are set up to do the exact opposite – bright women are encouraged to value career/qualifications over motherhood, less bright are subsidised via welfare to have babies.
Longer than that: it is hard to select for trait differences between the sexes.
Obviously you know far more about this subject than me, and I agree that from an intuitive viewpoint it would be easier to breed an entire species for some trait rather than just the male or female members. On the other hand, men are already smarter than women so it would seem there are already genes for intelligence that already affect men and women differently.
Longer than that: it is hard to select for trait differences between the sexes.
Does this suggests these groups may have Jewish ancestry? Sephardic perhaps?Replies: @Lot, @gcochran, @Federalist, @Sean, @Ed, @Kratoklastes
Some research indicates, for example, that Louisiana Cajuns, French Canadians and individuals with Irish lineage may also have an elevated incidence of Tay-Sachs.
No: different mutations of the same gene.
Jesus, how insane. Have you ever even arm-wrestled a girl?
Ashenazi: 60% European, almost all maternal ancestry, most of that Italian. ~40% Middle eastern.
In my experience, Jews don’t know much about Jewish medieval history.
In the US, in 2016, video games pulled in around 18 billion.
I’ve read a few books by those guys. Not smart people.
Well... ever since I heard Luis' talk, I have remained convinced that he and his son were right. It seems to me that their opponents, after the initial issues were hashed out, were just people who wanted some additional nuance: there is some evidence that the dinos had been in decline for some time, and the asteroid was merely the coup de grace.Still, the coup de grace is sort of the end. I think the Alvarez view is now, rightly, the dominant view.
I’ve read a few books by those guys [who doubted the Alvarez explanation of the extinction of the dinosaurs]. Not smart people.
Assuming that dinosaur bone was the same strength as other reptilian bone – no problem.
Can you (or Dave) give an idea of how much of their opposition was presented in a reasoned way and how much was pointing and sputtering (or equivalent)?Replies: @gcochran, @Another physicist
the intensity of the opposition by the paleontologist and geologists who showed up made quite an impression on me. They *really* didn’t like the idea of a sudden catastrophic event.
Pretty much all foolishness.
There’s no evidence that dinosaurs were in decline before the impact.
As for later fossil dinosaurs, you have to worry about erosion and redeposition.
Bell Beakers, upon invading England, replaced > 93% of the population. Some of the remaining hunter-gatherer alleles you see in the British Isles are actually from somewhat similar hunter-gatherers absorbed earlier on the Continent.
I am not attentive reader on these topics, but- what about 60%? It seems these findings confirm that others, too, had procreated.
Forty per cent of all males had a Y chromosome linked to Yumnaya, indicating after the cultures met, only Yumnaya men were procreating.
40% of autosomal ancestry ended up Yamnya, ~100% of Y chromosomes,
I hadn't realized until a few years ago that the Peruvians were in the midst of an epidemic when Pizzaro arrived. That's really the single thing about the Incas that William H. Prescott didn't catch in the 19th century.
Buried the lede as usual. Read closely: “Decimated by disease.”
In either 1491 or 1493 Charles Mann observed that the Europeans who arrived on the Eastern United States coast were not exactly guaranteed to prevail over the natives (although, long term, Newton and all, the Indians were doomed):
So sure these big strong blonde men who you so strangely seem to admire to excess
“The natives had weapons (bows and arrows) that, in their hands, had greater range and accuracy and shorter repeat intervals, and were lighter weight and more portable than the weapons (rifles) of the Europeans, and they were at least as leathal.”
which is why the Spaniards would routinely win against enormous odds: they were outnumbered 45 to 1 at Cajamarca.
Yeah – how could someone that couldn’t run a fruit stand beat the Wehrmacht?
Home court advantage, and sheer numbers. Didn't work in Afghanistan!Replies: @Anonymous
Yeah – how could someone that couldn’t run a fruit stand beat the Wehrmacht?
Yep.
They don’t, though.
Looking at the paper itself, it looks like there is one extreme outlier population. Labeled SER in NW Mexico in Figure 1. I think this is the Seri: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seri_people
Mexico harbors great cultural and ethnic diversity, yet fine-scale patterns of human genome-wide variation from this region remain largely uncharacterized. We studied genomic variation within Mexico from over 1000 individuals representing 20 indigenous and 11 mestizo populations. We found striking genetic stratification among indigenous populations within Mexico at varying degrees of geographic isolation. Some groups were as differentiated as Europeans are from East Asians. Pre-Columbian genetic substructure is recapitulated in the indigenous ancestry of admixed mestizo individuals across the country. Furthermore, two independently phenotyped cohorts of Mexicans and Mexican Americans showed a significant association between subcontinental ancestry and lung function. Thus, accounting for fine-scale ancestry patterns is critical for medical and population genetic studies within Mexico, in Mexican-descent populations, and likely in many other populations worldwide.
I think Figure S9 (and perhaps other parts of the Supplementary Materials) would clarify this. But I do not see any source for the Supplementary Materials.
TreeMix graph representing population splitting patterns of the 20 Native Mexican groups studied. The length of the branch is proportional to the drift of each population. African, European, and Asian samples were used as outgroups to root the tree (fig. S9).
Not north: east. slavic.
I don’t know about 1990, but I used to visit Compton circa 1984. It looked fine.
Your numbers are wrong. “New research on the growth in the scope and scale of felony convictions finds that, as of 2010, 3 percent of the total US population and 15 percent of the African-American male population have served time in prison. People with felony convictions more broadly account for 8 percent of the overall population and 33 percent of the African-American male population. ”
Not what I said.
You're not the only one who has noticed that.Replies: @gcochran
Most of his blog follows a simple but ass backwards template: he suggests he knows something while flagrantly avoiding actually demonstrating what he insistently implies he knows.
For example?
Thanos.
“Jewish populations exploded at a rate and in a manner that could only have occurred if the main engine of expansion was conversion rather than natural increase. ”
Slower than the Amish, though. I want to hear more about all those converts ripping off their buttons.
A single genome tells you a lot about the whole population it comes from. It’s not like finding one more arrowhead. And there have been more sequenced: they confirm the original results.
Reporters don’t know much.
All bullshit.
“(and that’s no fun)”
!
Because he had nothing to do with the development of SR. If you wanted to sound as if you knew what you were talking about, which you don’t, you’d have said Poincare.
Didn't Watson and Crick steal the credit from Rosalind Franklin?Replies: @gcochran
What? He didn’t continuously make Nobel Prize winning discoveries? No wonder he is so bitter. He only won a single Nobel Prize!
Franklin got the X-ray crystallography data. Watson and Crick figured out what it meant.
” I doubt he was buried to under tons of it from all sides”
You’d be wrong.
I doubt it had anything to do with it.
No racial angle to rile the great and the good.
I doubt it had anything to do with it.
Steve,
Check back tomorrow for “Yogi Berra and N.N. Taleb Debate IQ.”
Taleb doesn't say that IQ doesn't measure anything, he says it measures something that is not useful in making predictions in the right tail, and I don't see that this is necessarily false. Does the army use IQ to pick its generals?
The likelihood of exceptional achievement is markedly enhanced as a function of general ability. There does not appear to be an ‘‘ability threshold’’ (i.e., a point at which, say, beyond an IQ of 115 or 120, more ability does not matter). Although other things like ambition and opportunity clearly matter, more ability is better. The data also suggest the importance of going beyond general ability level when characterizing exceptional phenotypes, because specific abilities add nuance to predictions across different domains of talent development.
“Does the army use IQ to pick its generals?”
If they did, you’d end up with shmucks like Hannibal, Nathanael Green, Sherman, or Von Manstein.
The key provocation was the German conquest of France & Holland and the defeat of the BEF – putting East Asia up for grabs.
General relativity, photoelectric effect,Brownian motion, and the equivalence of mass and energy.
Bose-Einstein statistics, stimulated emission.
Einstein refrigerator.
So, all of you people who didn't peak early, take heart. That just means that you won't turn into an evil racist-sexist-Nazi-Klansman like Watson.Heck, when you think about it, maybe it's best to never have a peak.....I mean, look at me, I've never won a Nobel but I'm clearly a better, wiser human being than nasty old Jim Watson....Replies: @gcochran
Another factor was at work, friends told STAT. Watson made his one and only important scientific discovery when he was only 25. He discovered nothing of importance afterward, even as colleagues were cracking the genetic code or deciphering how DNA is translated into the molecules that make cells (and life) work.
I remember when Watson suggested legalizing infanticide up to two weeks after birth.
What a lunatic! Everybody knows that partial-birth abortion is the morally correct way:
I remember when Watson suggested legalizing infanticide up to two weeks after birth.
https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/James_D._Watson#Children_from_the_Laboratory_(May_1973),_An_Interview_in_Prism_Magazine
Watson: But legalities aside, I think we must reevaluate our basic assumptions about the meaning of life. Perhaps, as my former colleague Francis Crick suggested, no one should be thought alive until about three days after birth.
Prism: But how would society react to such a proposal?
Watson: Our society just hasn't faced up to this problem. In a primitive society, if you saw that a baby was deformed, you would abandon it on a hillside. Today this isn't permissible, and with our medicine getting better and better in the sense of being able to keep sick people alive longer, we are going to produce more people living wretched lives. I don't know how you get a society to change on such a basic issue; infanticide isn't regarded lightly by anyone. Fortunately, now through such techniques as amniocentesis, parents can often learn in advance whether their child will be normal and healthy or hopelessly deformed. They then can choose either to have the child or opt for a therapeutic abortion. But the cruel fact remains that because of the present limits of such detection methods, most birth defects are not discovered until birth. If the child were not declared alive until three days after birth, then all parents could be allowed the choice that only a few are given under the present system. The doctor could allow the child to die if the parents so chose and save a lot of misery and suffering. I believe this view is the only rational, compassionate attitude to have.
P. T. Barnum made an even greater contribution.
All wrong.
Some people with super-high IQs actually understand what “on average ” means.
So far. But that's the beauty of endless war - if that number ever changes, it's not like you'll change your mind. In the meantime, the war still costs money and without a sane immigration/refugee policy provides the U.S. with endless stream of future Americans we could do without.
Our involvement in Yemen, as best as I can tell, has resulted in one American KIA over the past two years.
Why? Because we support each other in meaningless wars we never plan to win? We could use fewer allies like that.Replies: @gcochran
The Saudis overall suck, sure, but MBS is our guy over there.
Enemies can be a lot cheaper than allies.
Out of a human population, a few mated with Neanderthals. The F1 offspring are 50%, but that gets diluted by all the the other humans that never mated with Neanderthals. No natural selection is required for that dilution.
The original percentage in that human population might have been 3 or 4%. It apparently decreased later, at least partly due to natural selection./ But some Neanderthal alleles have become common.
You don’t understand.
“many think” = morons
maybe 2.4%, as opposed to 2%. Highly?
That's not what it suggests at all. Is it possible? Sure. But the mere presence of Neanderthal genetics certainly doesn't "suggest" the conclusion that they are valuable. That's what is called a "hypothesis". This type of BS "conclusion" is why you don't have someone with a Bachelor of Arts in English, even if it is from Yale, lecture you on science. At only a 1-2% survival, Neanderthal genetics were clearly withered down from 50% when the first humans and Neanderthals mated. That could easily mean that, at such a low admixture, a natural selection stalemate was finally reached between mixed and full humans. It doesn't imply something that is worthwhile in the Neanderthal genetics. That genetic stalemate could have been helped along by increasingly higher numbers of mixed individuals possibly due to temporary genetic isolation from non-mixed individuals. Rhetorical questions: can you fight off ten chimps with a bow and arrow? If not, are you willing to allow that Chimp genetics are valuable enough to enter the human genetic pool? Genetic survival does not "suggest" genetic value.It is more likely that a low-point was merely reached in the admixture percentage for which mixed humans weren't easy enough to murder or otherwise out-compete to make it worthwhile or feasible on a large scale.By the way, don't fall for the progressive phrasing in this article, and widely used to confusing results in other popular and research articles, which labels every manner of hominid to be "human". If it were up to them, they'd have you believing that there were "humans" 2 million years ago (never mind that they would look somewhat like upright chimps to us). You can easily find such phrasing in the popular research. Such ridiculous categorization is merely a means of sneaking diversity into science; given that it will be revealed in the future just how out-mixed some races are with archaic non-Neanderthal hominids - think 8-11% admixtures with hominids like Heidelbergensis and others.The logic goes like this: if we don't label every hominid to be human insofar as we can get away with it, then humans with high Neanderthal (Central Asian tribes) and Denisovan (East Asian tribes) admixtures are more likely to be considered to be part primate in the future. How far are we willing to take the logic in either direction?Last rhetorical question: are there unmixed humans?Replies: @gcochran
On the other hand, the survival of some Neanderthal genes in our DNA over all this time suggests that those Neanderthal genes did something net beneficial, at least in the Eurasian environment.
not 50%. Can you count?
Not so, read the article. People with Neanderthal versions of certain alleles have less-globular heads.
Abos have Neanderthal admixture, also Denisovan.