The Unz Review • An Alternative Media Selection$
A Collection of Interesting, Important, and Controversial Perspectives Largely Excluded from the American Mainstream Media
 Nelson Rosit Archive
Will Post-Modernity be Post-Darwinian?
A Review of "The Post-Darwinian Zoo"
Search Text Case Sensitive  Exact Words  Include Comments

Bookmark Toggle AllToCAdd to LibraryRemove from Library • B
Show CommentNext New CommentNext New ReplyRead More
ReplyAgree/Disagree/Etc. More... This Commenter This Thread Hide Thread Display All Comments
AgreeDisagreeThanksLOLTroll
These buttons register your public Agreement, Disagreement, Thanks, LOL, or Troll with the selected comment. They are ONLY available to recent, frequent commenters who have saved their Name+Email using the 'Remember My Information' checkbox, and may also ONLY be used three times during any eight hour period.
Ignore Commenter Follow Commenter
OpenAI Text Summary
"The Post-Darwinian Zoo" by Tibur Zorodin presents a provocative examination of human evolution, genetics, and socio-political ideologies, arguing that contemporary society is shaped by three historical eras: Pre-Darwinian, Darwinian, and Post-Darwinian. Zorodin contends that the rise of Darwinian thought, particularly in the context of eugenics and genetics, has been stifled since World War II despite advancements in our understanding of these subjects. The author expresses concern that modern societies, particularly China, may embrace these scientific findings to implement policies reminiscent of earlier eugenic ideologies. He draws parallels between historical views on race, intelligence, and societal structure, suggesting that contemporary political discourse has neglected the implications of these ideas in favor of more progressive narratives.

Zorodin's exploration of dysgenics and the heritability of traits such as intelligence and criminality underscores the potential consequences of societal trends that he perceives as detrimental. He distinguishes between social Darwinism, focused on group identity, and eugenics, which he argues should be embraced as an applied science to improve human genetics. The author critiques the reluctance to engage in eugenics, highlighting the ethical dilemmas surrounding prenatal screenings and abortion. He raises alarming statistics about biracial children and societal instability, asserting that these issues stem from a larger discourse on race and identity that often goes unaddressed in mainstream discussions.

Transitioning from traditional eugenics to genetic engineering, Zorodin entertains futuristic possibilities for societal improvement, suggesting that advancements in genetics could lead to healthier, more egalitarian societies. He delves into aesthetic preferences, arguing against the notion of universal beauty and asserting that human psychology favors certain physical traits. Zorodin also highlights historical arguments for ethnic homogeneity, providing a controversial perspective on the benefits of cultural cohesion over diversity. He proposes the establishment of autonomous regions that align with eugenic principles, suggesting a radical restructuring of societal organization that would prioritize genetic quality and cultural identity.

The latter part of the book addresses the role of Jews in Western civilization, critiquing their perceived influence and the establishment Right's relationship with Israel. Zorodin portrays this dynamic as a form of "surrogate nationalism," where conservative support for Israel reflects a denial of ethnonationalist sentiments at home. He concludes with a bleak yet ambiguous outlook on the future of Western culture, questioning whether current societal decay signifies the end of a cultural era or the potential for a renaissance. While the book is dense with ideas and references, it ultimately lacks a cohesive conclusion, leaving readers to ponder the implications of the myriad themes Zorodin presents. Despite its challenges, the work is recommended for those willing to engage critically with its controversial perspectives on biology, culture, and politics.
OpenAI Outline Summary
# Outline of "The Post-Darwinian Zoo" by Tibur Zorodin

## I. Overview of the Book
A. Author’s Background
1. Tibur Zorodin is likely a pseudonym.
2. Described as a sociobiologist with a focus on political matters.
B. Structure and Style
1. The book features over 900 footnotes referencing diverse sources.
2. Literary style likened to "The Dispossessed Majority," but less structured.

## II. Historical Context
A. Three Eras of Western Socio-Political History
1. Pre-Darwinian Era
a. Dominance of blood, breed, monarchy, and aristocracy.
2. Darwinian Era
a. Influence of Darwinian evolution and Mendelian genetics on public policy.
b. Eugenics supported across the political spectrum, including by Theodore Roosevelt.
3. Post-Darwinian Era
a. Prohibition against public debate on social Darwinism post-World War II.
b. Current understanding of evolution and genetics surpasses earlier eras.
c. Concern over potential application in places like China.

## III. The Concept of Dysgenics
A. Current Demographic Trends
1. Dysgenic trends in intelligence, criminality, conscientiousness, and other traits.
2. The functionality of society maintained by a cognitive elite.
B. Solutions to Dysgenics
1. Advocacy for eugenics as an applied science, not pseudoscience.
2. Distinction between social Darwinism and eugenics.
a. Social Darwinism emphasizes group advancement.
b. Eugenics is more universal and focuses on intelligence.

## IV. Ethical Considerations in Eugenics
A. Non-coercive Eugenics
1. Importance of societal values in effective eugenics.
2. Discussion of prenatal screenings and abortion laws.
B. Abortion and Rape
1. Statistics on rape-related pregnancies and societal implications.
2. Contrast between conservative and dissident Right views on eugenic abortion.

## V. Miscegenation and Its Impacts
A. Statistics on Biracial Children
1. High rates of out-of-wedlock births and government assistance.
2. Increased likelihood of mental health issues and social instability.
B. Causes of Outcomes
1. Instability in biracial households.
2. Challenges in identity formation.

## VI. Genetic Engineering and Human Beauty
A. Exploration of Genetic Engineering
1. Discussion of potential to create a healthier society.
2. The allure of human beauty and its innate preferences.
B. Aesthetic Preferences
1. Claims against aesthetic egalitarianism and its psychological incompatibility.

## VII. The Case for Ethnic Homogeneity
A. Historical Context and Benefits
1. Advantages noted in Federalist Papers for ethnic homogeneity.
2. Reduced rates of gender dysphoria and PTSD in homogeneous units.
B. Social Experiment Proposal
1. Reference to Raymond Cattell's idea of competing mini-ethno states.
2. Vision for eugenic-minded communities as autonomous regions.

## VIII. Critique of Contemporary Conservatism
A. Economic Models
1. Criticism of the produce-and-consume model.
2. Dangers of growth fetishism impacting cultural compatibility.
B. Colorblind Conservatism
1. Disapproval of traditional conservative perspectives.
2. Reference to Martin Luther King Jr.'s contemporary political relevance.

## IX. Language and Cultural Marxism
A. The Role of Language
1. Defense of the term "Cultural Marxism."
2. Critique of euphemisms and the "euphemism treadmill."
B. Assimilation vs. Influence
1. Comparison of German and Jewish American identity and cultural influence.

## X. The Jewish Question
A. Role of Jews in American Society
1. Contrast with German-Americans regarding cultural identification.
2. Examination of Jewish influence on public institutions.
B. Judeo-Christian Zionism
1. Critique of the establishment Right's foreign policy regarding Israel.
2. Discussion of the implications of U.S. support for Israel.

## XI. Conclusion and Implications
A. Abrupt Ending
1. Lack of summary or concluding thoughts in the text.
B. Thematic Exploration
1. Society viewed as a "zoo" filled with diverse and strange elements.
2. Questions regarding the future of Western culture amidst disintegration.
3. The potential for a new renaissance versus the terminal stage of cultural evolution.

## XII. Overall Assessment
A. Rich in Insights
1. Engaging with complex topics in biology, culture, and social sciences.
B. Need for Improved Organization
1. Suggestion for better thematic structure to enhance readability.
List of Bookmarks

The Post-Darwinian Zoo
Tibur Zorodin
Createspace, December, 2023

Perhaps all of Western socio-political history can divided into three eras: Pre-Darwinian, Darwinian, and post-Darwinian. The first period consisted of the millennia before the publication of Charles Darwin’s On the Origins of Species (1859) when men intuitively understood the importance of blood and breed, monarchy and aristocracy being the dominant ideologies. Then in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century, Darwinian evolution, combined with Mendelian genetics, began to inform public policy. President Theodore Roosevelt’s espousal of eugenics was uncontroversial, in fact eugenics was once supported across the political spectrum. Since the end of World War II public debate on, much less implementation of, “social Darwinist policies” is prohibited. The irony is that we now understand far more about human evolution and genetics than during the Progressive Era. The author is concerned that Red China might be the state where such findings find application.

We know little about the author. Tibur Zorodin is presumably a nom de plume. He is described online as a sociobiologist who “has been writing chiefly on political matters for more than a decade.” In its broad scope and literary style The Post-Darwinian Zoo might remind the reader of The Dispossessed Majority,[1] though DM is a more tightly structured work. Zorodin’s over 900 footnotes make reference to academic journals, mainstream media, and popular culture from North America, Europe, and Australasia.

The book begins by describing how current demographic trends have become dysgenic and why it matters. Intelligence, criminality, conscientiousness, and other traits are highly heritable. The system is still able to function because “[t]he West’s upper cognitive echelon of entrepreneurs and scientists remain in place for now,” even as social pathology increases. The remedy for dysgenics is eugenics. Eugenics is not pseudoscience but applied science widely practiced in breeding plants and animals. The author makes a distinction between social Darwinism that “is more concerned with group advancement, identity, and distinctiveness,” and eugenics that “tends toward universalism and IQ absolutism.”

Eugenics need not be coercive or mandatory to be effective if a society has healthy values. Pre-natal screenings can detect congenital defects, yet in some US states it is illegal to abort a Down syndrome pregnancy. Zorodin makes the obvious point that choosing to abort a healthy pregnancy is far different than terminating an abnormal one. Furthermore, there are over 50,000 rape pregnancies annually in the US. Only half of these pregnancies are aborted. “Evolutionarily rewarding the act of rape is damaging for society both in the short term and the long term.” Yet there are states where abortion in the case of rape is not allowed. The dissident Right is, in large measure, defined by its opposition to conventional conservatism. Eugenic abortion is one of the wedge issues that divides the conservative and dissident Right. Zorodin will have some more choice words for conservatives later in the book.

The author next turns his attention to the issue of miscegenation. He provides some disturbing statistics: “92% of biracial children with a Black father are born out of wedlock and 82% end up on government assistance.” In addition, it has been reported that mixed-race children are more likely to experience anxiety and depression, abuse drugs and be truant compared to monoracial children. The “instability in biracial households and conflict in identity formation” might explain these outcomes.

Zorodin then moves from traditional eugenic measures to genetic engineering, and at times the discussion takes on a sci-fi feeling. Yet there is logic to it. Setting aside the cautionary tale of Dr. Frankenstein’s monster, the author makes the case that we can produce a freer, healthier more egalitarian society. One of the more interesting topics in this section are the five or so pages devoted to human beauty. This segment runs parallel to the “Esthetic Prop” theory in the aforementioned Dispossessed Majority. The author believes there is “an innate preference” for light coloration, height, and symmetry. Despite claims by Left activists that short, dark, and dumpy is just as attractive as tall, fair, and svelte “[t]he notion of esthetic egalitarianism is fundamentally incompatible with human psychology.”

The advantages of ethnic homogeneity, such as those expressed by John Jay in Federalist Papers 2, have been known for centuries. Zorodin reports on some lesser-known benefits of such societies. For example, “a multiracial society could be responsible for increasing the rate of gender dysphoria and sexual divergence.” Also, military personnel who served in homogeneous units are “more functional and cohesive,” and these veterans are less likely to suffer PTSD than those from heterogeneous units.

Decades ago, the famous research psychologist Raymond Cattell proposed a social experiment where small nations—mini ethno-states—would compete socially and economically by nonviolent means.[2] Zorodin suggests something similar: “Various statelets and autonomous regions around the world harbor the potential for eugenic-minded communities to be formalized and legitimized; [thereby] offering . . . life under a system of consensual social Darwinism.”

The author’s criticism of the contemporary Right extends to economics. He takes exception to the produce-and-consume economic model that features ”gross expansion” over improved productivity via efficiency. The West’s “growth fetishism has discarded all caution of long-term cultural compatibility in pursuit of short-term economic stimulus” brought about through immigrant labor and consumption. The GDP will increase as the quality of life decreases.

Colorblind—perhaps completely blind—conservatives come under more criticism “King’s Manifesto from 1963 [‘I Have a Dream’] would in contemporary politics equate to a platform in the Republican Party.” Establishment conservatives’ maxim: “If you can’t beat them, join them in their tradition of chasing second place on the right side of history.”

Zorodin’s literary style makes the book both a pleasure and a challenge to read. Regarding Angela Merkel’s decision to open Germany’s border to mass migration: “It is hardly a top-down revolution, since the supporting convoy of Zeitgeist peers has no shortage of ethnomasochistic gluttons breaking the backs of their high-horses.” Find out which two countries are most “oikophobic.”

In fact, Zorodin devotes a section to language. He defends, as I do, the use of the term ‘Cultural Marxism’ because it is “consistent with the radical pedigree and an analogous group-conflict theoretical model” of orthodox Marxism. “The plasticity of language in the information age has never before been so amenable to socially-engineered neologisms with political agendas.” So illegal aliens become undocumented migrants, and the sexually confused are gender nonconforming. In addition, these “euphemisms appear to have an expiry date.” There is a “euphemism treadmill,” so the feeble-minded become the mentally retarded become the developmentally impaired.

The author uses the example of the near-seamless large-scale assimilation of Germans into American society to segue to the Jewish Question. That question is: What has been and should be the role of Jews in Western civilization? The last 35 pages or so of the book is a survey course on Jews. First, in contrast to German-Americans, Jewish-Americans have not, by in large, identified with traditional American culture. Their wealth and organizational acumen have led to an “undue influence on the institutions of public life, at the expense of heritage America.” The well-known Jewish financial crimes, the kosher certification racket, and the Sackler family pill mill Purdue Pharma are covered. All this is mediated by the “guilt prescription” of the Holocaust. The book has a quote from former Israeli foreign minister Abba Ebon: “There’s no business like Shoah business.”

Probably the most interesting aspect of this topic is Judeo-Christian Zionism. Zorodin has hammered the establishment Right for its social and economic policies, now it is time to consider its perverse foreign policy. Possibly the most perverted feature of cuckservativism is its slavish devotion to Israel. The author describes it as “surrogate nationalism.” In a warped way it serves as a “politically correct outlet” for the ethnonationalism establishment conservatives deny their own people. Border security for the US is a good political talking point, but border security for Israel is a cause for urgent action. Speaker of the US House of Representatives Mike Johnson intones: “It’s a Biblical admonition to stand with Israel.” Whether the current conflict in the Levant will change present political calculations remains to be seen.

The book ends rather abruptly. There is no summary or concluding chapter to bring together all the many issues and ideas presented. The reader does not get to see what compound the combined elements might produce. So here is my takeaway from the Post Darwinian Zoo:

The title implies we are now living in zoo world—society as a menagerie—filled with strange and diverse creatures. It is widely believed that the modern era is coming to an end. The question becomes: Is the present cultural disintegration a beginning or the end? Is what we see today just a foretaste of a chaotic post-modern age? Or, will post-modernity usher in a Western instauration, a new renaissance? At one point, Zorodin appears pessimistic. For we are “in the twilight of late modernity and at the terminal stage of human cultural evolution.” But he holds out hope if we are able to think outside the box. Conservatism is safe and respectable, but it is an ineffective and at times counterproductive strategy for opposing the forces that seek to destroy Western culture and peoples.

The book deals with many interesting topics not mentioned in this short review. There is some high protein food for thought here, and even the best informed and knowledgeable reader should find some new insights on human biology, culture, and the social sciences. I give this book a very solid recommendation. That said, a stronger thematic organization would make the information more assimilable.

Notes

[1] Wilmot Robertson, The Dispossessed Majority (1972).

[2] Raymond Cattell, A New Morality from Science: Beyondism (1973); Raymond Cattell Beyondism: A Religion from Science (1987).

(Republished from The Occidental Observer by permission of author or representative)
 
Hide 14 CommentsLeave a Comment
Commenters to Ignore...to FollowEndorsed Only
Trim Comments?
    []
  1. Theodorus says:

    “Pre-natal screenings can detect congenital defects, yet in some US states it is illegal to abort a Down syndrome pregnancy.”

    Has the author ever met a person with Down Syndrome? They are some of the kindest, most loving people one could ever hope to meet.

    Is the author really so confident, as to presume to play God, and end such a life?

  2. @Theodorus

    I’ve noticed that many religious people imply that using technology to save life is not playing God, only choosing to end a life is playing God. Can you explain the logic behind that? Because the logical conclusion of that way of thinking is that we could extend our lives indefinitely using technology, and we’re still not “playing God”.

    • Replies: @man
  3. man says:
    @Phil Barker

    I see life as a gift from our Creator , so someone who shortens life is interfering in eternal plan of God, for it is written Genesis 1:28

    “And God blessed them, and God said unto them, Be fruitful, and multiply,
    Now we live in the unnatural state where death reins,
    Hebrews 9:27

    “And as it is appointed unto men once to die, but after this the judgment:”
    so we have appointed time of death and it might not work for the better outcome for us.

    • Replies: @Phil Barker
  4. man says:

    There is an effort , you can call it experimentation performed on mankind to change us into something other than we were created to be. I see an effort to make us just a flesh without any spiritual understanding, just people with animal instincts. The worst thing about it is those traitors of its own kind who are selling their souls for unjust mammon. These days people are proud to be fornicators, blasphemers, homosexuals, satanists and on. The only hope is in Christ The Son of God.

  5. @man

    Yes, thanks. Since I posted that comment I did some research and looked at how Christians might approach the issue. At some point there seems to be an agreement that medical technology which extends or prolongs life too much crosses a threshold and becomes “tampering with God’s creation”, which is considered bad. But where to draw that line seems to be subjective unfortunately.

    I particularly noticed that a desire for eternal life on earth, using technology, was considered dangerous or threatening. I was curious why that was, but then I realized this particular Christian was arguing from the standpoint of spreading faith in Jesus Christ as the savior and the way to eternal life. So basically, if people believe they can gain immortality in the flesh through the works of man, then they won’t believe they have to turn to God for eternal salvation.

    Therefore too much medical technology would probably negatively impact Christianity in terms of growth and sustainment of true believers, and to some degree I’m sure it already has. I can appreciate the logic of wanting to monopolize the way to eternal life. But even if the same number of people, or even more, get baptized and go to church regularly, how many of them today actually believe they will live eternally while their friends or family members who haven’t accepted Jesus are going suffer eternally in hell, or just remain dead in their graves forever? My feeling is maybe some portion really believes that, but certainly not all.

    • Replies: @man
  6. man says:
    @Phil Barker

    I understand that God sustains life through Christ and nothing spiritual or material cannot live without Him for it is written Hebrews 1:3

    “Who being the brightness of his glory, and the express image of his person, and upholding all things by the word of his power, when he had by himself purged our sins, sat down on the right hand of the Majesty on high;”

    No technology can give man eternal life. but they will try for in the book of Daniel it is written
    Daniel 2:43

    “And whereas thou sawest iron mixed with miry clay, they shall mingle themselves with the seed of men: but they shall not cleave one to another, even as iron is not mixed with clay.”
    Trans-humanism is such a concept , but will fail and will bring a lot of suffering to human race.
    Jesus said John 18:36

    “Jesus answered, My kingdom is not of this world: if my kingdom were of this world, then would my servants fight, that I should not be delivered to the Jews: but now is my kingdom not from hence.”

  7. Protogonus says: • Website

    There has been no cultural evolution and never will be. See our brief summary of Innocent III’s incisive book on real people in undisguised self-assertion, proving that there has been no essential change culturally in the last 1,000 years:

    https://www.academia.edu/37832738/Innocent_III_On_the_Human_Condition_Precis_by_RS_

    Fine-tuning the hurtling mass of human willfulness through biological means is an absurd hope, just as hopeless as the cultural reforms proposed by geniuses past and present, a typical case being seen in Nobel laureate V.S. Naipaul (1932-2018), who gave it a go in high literary form (fiction and nonfiction) across the world for almost half a century:

    https://www.academia.edu/118507485/A_Writer_Without_Love_of_the_World_The_Blind_Insight_of_V_S_Naipaul_1932_2018_

    Indeed, the Kingdom of God is not and cannot be in or of this world, as definitively taught by Jehoshua himself, according to our illustrated review of a classic study, by a German-American, of what actually happened in Nazareth 2,000 years ago:

    https://www.academia.edu/50785276/Critical_Analysis_of_Hartmanns_Life_of_Jehoshua

    Note that to view the articles, simply SCROLL DOWN; no sign-in is necessary. Thanks.

    As for “Christian Zionism,” it was and is based on a phony English annotation-translation of scripture called the Scofield Bible, long ago exposed as a fraud, devised by the Tribe’s cleverest scribes to entrap saps like Speaker Johnson into believing that Christian salvation somehow depends on the triumph of the Tribe in Palestine. How convenient!

  8. @Theodorus

    Is it the duty of civilization to provide safety-padded living spaces for retards? Is it really reasonable to expect a decent couple to provide for an objectively worthless retard who has a 0% chance of achieving autonomy at any point in their life? What about the other kids? Is it fair to the siblings of a retard to expect their lives to revolve around the drooling, farting animal their family was cursed with? Do you actually know how much of a drain on humanity retards are? There are millions upon millions of niggers with approximately retard-level intelligence in USA, who themselves inflict a net-negative effect on civilization. We should be encouraging contraception among these groups and, God willing, abortion of fetuses that can be accurately identified neurologically deformed or retarded.

    • Replies: @hmmmm
  9. @Theodorus

    There is no God.
    .
    .
    .

    Has the author ever met a person with Down Syndrome?

    Well, parents (!) of such children are depressed and burdened. See:

    “The quality of life of parents of children with down syndrome in a tertiary care hospital”
    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2049080122011888

    “Quality of life of parents with Down syndrome children”
    https://doaj.org/article/9d420d74ac1d450c9a78bfb6ac9f9157

    “Parental Stress, Familial Burden and Quality of Life in Parents of Children with Down Syndrome”
    https://iprpk.com/ojs/index.php/jpap/article/view/151

  10. What is happening in the West is a deliberate eradication of everything before, all the those who claimed to have suffered under the old system have clubbed together to destroy the society of men.

    Freaks, Feminists the crazy the criminal have joined forces as well as anti-christian forces who provide the funds…all hate the Western male created society, they are piling insult after insult, they will continue the attacks until men are wiped out or neutered and kept as house pets.

    These degenerates believe that lies are ok to achieve their goal, they believe thieving elections are all good and well to achieve their goal of eradicating men.

    But what about children? That’s why the project had to wait until fertility treatment made the male replaceable, male children will be feminized, hence the sexual degenerate teachings at schools, if this doesn’t work then these boys will be euthanized.

    It has been identified that men are a danger to earths future so they have to be pacified or removed.

    Men…you have been marked for termination!

  11. Anonymous[423] • Disclaimer says:
    @Vergissmeinnicht

    Take your midwit edgelord faggotry back to reddit.

    • Troll: Vergissmeinnicht
  12. @Vergissmeinnicht

    Slippery eugenics slope.

    First, they came for the watermelon babies, and I did not speak up…

    Then, they came for the retards…..etc.

  13. hmmmm says:
    @Vergissmeinnicht

    The fool hath said in his heart, there is no God.

    I think this means ‘spiritually retarded’ rather like colorblindness or Down’s Syndrome. Since you’re retarded, we should save ourselves the burden of you on our society, and just send Dr. Kevorkian around for a visit, eh?

    Sounds stupid, eh? Now imagine how you sound.

  14. hmmmm says:
    @Antediluvian Doomer

    I’m going to assume you’re not a Christian, and probably an atheist.

    Likely that atheism is heightened by genetic devolution. Its loud proponents tend to be mildly intelligent, but not very much so. Its usually brought about by a lack of a sense for proper limits (wanting to have sex with goats and sheep, forex), or a lack of imagination (if I were God, I would not do things this way), well, dude, you’re not a superintelligence so to put it plainly, you’re not tall enough for this ride, or a lack of a proper father (more emotional issues). No, its not generally a result of deep logic, as deep logic quickly leads one to the inevitable necessity of God.

    Therefore, since God exists, and the best information strongly leans toward God being Jesus Christ, we must, if we are at all intelligent, consider His opinion. Keep in mind that He is the Judge of the Dead and the Living. And He loves children.

    Use your brain, for crying out loud.

Current Commenter
says:

Leave a Reply - Comments on articles more than two weeks old will be judged much more strictly on quality and tone


 Remember My InformationWhy?
 Email Replies to my Comment
$
Submitted comments have been licensed to The Unz Review and may be republished elsewhere at the sole discretion of the latter
Commenting Disabled While in Translation Mode
Subscribe to This Comment Thread via RSS Subscribe to All Nelson Rosit Comments via RSS
PastClassics
The JFK Assassination and the 9/11 Attacks?
How a Young Syndicate Lawyer from Chicago Earned a Fortune Looting the Property of the Japanese-Americans, then Lived...