Here is a very interesting paper on sex differences in brain size and intelligence, notable for linking people’s brain scans with their detailed intelligence test results. It has been accepted for publication in Intelligence.
Sex differences in brain size and general intelligence (g)
Dimitri van der Linden, Curtis S. Dunkel, Guy Madison
Utilizing MRI and cognitive tests data from the Human Connectome project (N = 900), sex differences in general intelligence (g) and molar brain characteristics were examined. Total brain volume, cortical surface area, and white and gray matter correlated 0.1 – 0.3 with g for both sexes, whereas cortical thickness and gray/white matter ratio showed less consistent associations with g. Males displayed higher scores on most of the brain characteristics, even after correcting for body size, and also scored approximately one fourth of a standard deviation higher on g. Mediation analyses and the Method of Correlated Vectors both indicated that the sex difference in g is mediated by general brain characteristics. Selecting a subsample of males and females who were matched on g further suggest that larger brains, on average, lead to higher g, whereas similar levels of g do not necessarily imply equal brain sizes.
https://drive.google.com/open?id=0B3c4TxciNeJZWGNvQjBMNUJGVmc
Men’s brains are bigger than women’s, even when controlling for bigger body size, which means they should have higher intelligence, though the evidence for that is conflicting. Most researchers find no notable differences overall, saying that different strengths and weaknesses balance each other out, but Lynn and Irwing (2002, 2004) argued that adult males are almost 4 IQ points brighter than adult females. The authors of the present paper have found one of the largest MRI samples available, each scanned person having done 10 cognitive tests, which is what makes this study particularly interesting. The tests included: Penn progressive matrices, Peabody vocabulary, reading recognition, working memory, pictorial episodic memory, spatial orientation, card sorting, verbal episodic memory, and the Flanker task of inhibition and sustained attention.
First, here are the correlations between brain measures and overall mental ability.
The tests were used to create an overall g score. Correlations with this overall g measure and brain measures are not large, but for both males and females the highest correlations are with gray matter volume. It seems that Agatha Christie’s fictional Belgian detective Hercule Poirot was right, when he said that crime detection and problem solving depended on “the little gray cells”.
Here are the scores for the individual mental ability tests:
Once again, I recommend that men pay close attention to the largest sex difference, which plays out in their favour: spatial orientation, in which they have a 6 IQ points advantage. I recommend that women play close attention to Episodic memory in which they have an advantage of 4 IQ points, giving women the upper hand when remembering male transgressions. Those particular findings hold up even when you control for g, so they are very real cognitive sex differences, and are mostly across the board of the abilities measured.
The spatial male advantage shows up in the first year of life.
http://www.unz.com/jthompson/advice-to-men-caught-unawares
there was a significant sex difference in g in this sample, with an effect size of one quarter of a standard deviation. This corresponds to approximately 3.75 IQ points, which is a similar sex difference in general intelligence as reported in previous large population studies (Lynn & Irwing, 2004) and meta-analyses (e.g., Madison, 2016; Irwing & Lynn, 2005).
Analyses of the cognitive subsets used to extract g showed that the sex differences were not related to extremely high scores of males on a limited number of particular tasks, but tends rather to reflect a more general pattern.
the central point of the present study, is that the various statistical methods applied seem to suggest that sex differences in brain characteristics indeed mediate sex differences in g. Direct support for this notion came from the mediation analyses, indicating that brain volume measures could account for roughly half of the sex differences in g.
It is an interesting observation that in the nineteenth century the consensus was that sex differences in brain size exists, leading to a slightly higher average of males in general intelligence (e.g., Darwin, 1871). However, improved psychometric and brain imaging techniques have led to a new wave of studies and have reactivated the debate on this topic. Regarding this, the present study may contribute to this field by applying a combination of newer and more traditional methods. Overall, we agree with the conclusion of Burgaleta et al. (2012) and Escorial et al. (2015) that within subgroups or at the individual level, larger male brains do not necessarily have to be accompanied with higher general intelligence. Nevertheless, the present study also clearly indicates that, at the group level, there is a sex difference in g and that differences in brain size likely play a relevant role in this. Given that those conclusions were based on the results of one of the larger MRI studies available, it can be expected that the effect sizes provide reliable estimates of the relations and can be regarded as benchmarks in the literature in this area.
This study supports the minority position of Lynn and Irwing, that men are about 4 IQ points brighter than women, an across-the-board advantage, plus better spatial ability, and that part of this difference may be attributed to brain size. Here is Prof Richard Lynn lecturing about it:
http://www.unz.com/jthompson/sex-lies-and-videotaped-lectures
You will see that male advantage shows up in the Wechsler standardisation samples, though Wechsler will not agree to this being acknowledged in print, though they have passed on the results privately. An odd situation, to say the least.
As usual, a small difference in means has larger consequences at the extremes. If one assumes a 4 point difference straddling the mean, then women will be 98 to men’s 102. Keeping the standard deviations to 15 for both sexes, and setting the cutoff point at IQ 130 then 3.1% of men and 1.6% of women pass the threshold, meaning 65% of the brightest people will be men.
Since this sample showed no sex difference in standard deviations (to the author’s and my surprise) that is as far as I will go with the calculations. However, even without putting in the usually found smaller standard deviation for women, the implication is clear: 65% of intellectually demanding occupations will be taken by men, if entry to those occupations is based only on mental ability. If the bar is set higher at IQ 145, then 70.5% of such posts will be taken by men.
http://www.unz.com/jthompson/sex-as-emil-visualises-it
http://www.unz.com/jthompson/differences-in-sex-differences-us
As MRI samples go, this is an excellent sample, and will get better as more results are released. The totals available for study have just increased to 1200 scanned persons, and I have already seen a conference abstract for next month looking at other features of this larger sample. As epidemiological samples go this is a small sample, so whole populations as achieved in birth cohorts and national examinations are better, though these do not have any brain scan results. It is the combination of good numbers of scans and concomitant ability testing which make this study so informative.
Let us see whether the increased sample confirms or changes these results. I hope to see preliminary results soon, though there will be the usual year before they get published. I saw the results of this current paper a year ago, but could only hint at it until it was published.
When will academic publishing catch up with the pace of modern research? In the meantime, the current suggestion is that the biggest study of brain scans supports a sex difference in intelligence of about 4 points, probably due to larger male brains.
RSS










Save ListCancel
Save ListCancel
IQism…
Res**
The motte and bailey game with "IQism" is tiresome (and intellectually dishonest IMHO).
http://www.unz.com/jthompson/womens-brains/#comment-1847521
I recommend that women play close attention to Episodic memory in which they have an advantage of 4 IQ points, giving women the upper hand when remembering male transgressions.
Look little depreciate isn’t sir*
Women advantage on episodic memory seems less important than better spatial ability for Thompson, a wise man…
Res**
Again. We have two salient differences, but seems, male advantage matter and female advantage don’t matter…
The sex difference at the high end is especially notable, keeping in mind that the study does not even address the extent to which the sexes WANT to do high-end work in math and science. Insofar as women, perhaps innately, are not INCLINED to do cold, abstract sorts of tasks, there will, in the absence of affirmative action, be a sharp difference in the number of male vs. female scientists.
“Since this sample showed no sex difference in standard deviations (to the author’s and my surprise) that is as far as I will go with the calculations.”
Does this mean that the commonly-found result that men are overrrepresented on the far left side of the bell curve is now in doubt? Doesn’t really align with what we see in actual life outcomes. Could men be more susceptible to rare mutations (such as on the X chromosome) that give some of them serious disadvantages?
Res**
You speak of “IQism” as if it is mere ideology, without serious, practical implications. This research is profoundly important in its implications for sex differences in various social outcomes.
Nope. IQism also as ideology. Ideology is when we choice a set of perspectives AND not all perspectives of certain particularity. Certain perspectives of intelligence are over emphasized by IQism distorting this reality just like a Mercator geographical projection.
And as happen with all belief systems we still have a lot a unfactual beliefs for example that higher IQ people are TOTALLY or INVINCIBLY smart-er.
All ideologies are understood by their followers as serious stuff from the most bizarre to the most scientific.
Ideologies also need key replaced words or symbols. IQ is that symbol that replaces intelligence.
Now one can certainly argue that muscles are of different densities, that they might be placed slightly differently on the bone, and so on. And this might even affect the effective strength that the individual can apply to an object. Absolutely.
But it doesn't change the general rule that larger muscles allow for more strength to be applied, and when this is also supported by various other studies, such as IQ being reflected with life outcomes and educational status, it means that it is an useful model.
No model is perfect. But some models are more useful than others. Ultimately, the major practical goal of science is to find models which can be predictive and IQ is pretty predictive and useful.
“You will see that male advantage shows up in the Wechsler standardisation samples, though Wechsler will not agree to this being acknowledged in print, though they have passed on the results privately”
It does but there is considerable debate about whether this reflects a sex difference in g. See for instance
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0191886914000671
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160289605000851
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160289605000887
In general I would consider underlying (latent) g factor to be of more importance than the WAIS FSIQ
The study seems to be well done but seeing as there is no consensus of whether sex differences in g actually exist (in the general population) not conclusive either
Anyway, thanks for more reading, in the already full in tray.
All bragging of male superiority is hollow and silly when a certain physical reality is placed on the scales of inherent worth.
https://robertmagill.wordpress.com/2016/10/07/the-abrahamists-et-alii-vs-the-clitoris-or/
Thanks.
It does but there is considerable debate about whether this reflects a sex difference in g. See for instance
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0191886914000671
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160289605000851
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160289605000887
In general I would consider underlying (latent) g factor to be of more importance than the WAIS FSIQ
The study seems to be well done but seeing as there is no consensus of whether sex differences in g actually exist (in the general population) not conclusive either
Thanks for these interesting papers. My original observation was that the original Wechsler standardisation samples showed a general male advantage, of about 2 points, which was then set to zero in the manuals. That is, it was considered a standardisation error. When tests are used on subsequent samples, as in the examples given, male advantage is attributed to a) not being on g and b) in the case of Information, male bias. The first is a reasonable argument, but it would put paid to a lot of the Flynn effect, and I personally don’t think that argument is convincing against the Flynn effect or against sex differences, though it is a hotly contested issue. The second is more questionable, because if you look at my recent post on General Knowledge, it appears that men actually do have more general knowledge. It is an achievement, not something which is an artefact of a biased assessment.
Anyway, thanks for more reading, in the already full in tray.
Latent g factor extracted from one battery correlates extremely well with latent g of another battery so that might be a better measure to compare the sexes on. Also I think it was Jensen who advocated comparing g factor scores and I greatly respect Jensen.
I'm not up to date with the literature on general knowledge. Stumbled across a study on Twitter a while ago which showed that you can manipulate tests to favor either sex but that's not necessarily a convincing argument to disprove male advantage here. We would have to find out what "the best measure" of general knowledge looks like I assume
It does but there is considerable debate about whether this reflects a sex difference in g. See for instance
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0191886914000671
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160289605000851
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160289605000887
In general I would consider underlying (latent) g factor to be of more importance than the WAIS FSIQ
The study seems to be well done but seeing as there is no consensus of whether sex differences in g actually exist (in the general population) not conclusive either
Reading this more closely now male superiority in processing speed is rather unexpected. Usually the opposite. Not finding a difference in variability could potentially be attributed to the relatively small sample size (though large for MRI) but then again the same might be true of the mean difference
Also, many guys point out that men are faster than women in a range of competitive sports that require participants to react to the opponent.
Didn’t they also conclude due to “genetic similarity” that “male brains are far more similar to female brains than they are different?”
You are missing the point. Whether IQ completely and perfectly models “intelligence” as you define it isn’t the important part, phil’s point is that it does in fact have relevance to intelligence. For example, all other things relatively equal, larger muscles reflect greater strength.
Now one can certainly argue that muscles are of different densities, that they might be placed slightly differently on the bone, and so on. And this might even affect the effective strength that the individual can apply to an object. Absolutely.
But it doesn’t change the general rule that larger muscles allow for more strength to be applied, and when this is also supported by various other studies, such as IQ being reflected with life outcomes and educational status, it means that it is an useful model.
No model is perfect. But some models are more useful than others. Ultimately, the major practical goal of science is to find models which can be predictive and IQ is pretty predictive and useful.
It's the fundamental part instead I agree that it's useful too, I always agree about that. I'm showing what is already happening. As if conceptual understanding of intelligence as well complete psychological evaluation already don't need to be done, IQ replace everything that is correlated with intelligence.
You are comparing intelligence, a complex entity with muscles. I don't think this comparison is valid.
"No model is perfect"
No??
So why buildings don't fall in the ground??
It's a excuse.
Even creativity IQ don't measure or predict... One of the most important ability human may have.
Good social outcomes require higher cognitive skills (and not psycho-cognitive) and conformity.
Quantitative = size
Do you agree with me??
IQ correlates with a lot of outcomes
Great, now we need analyze it in more intimate way. But most people here seems just analyze by the surface and conclude by it...
https://robertmagill.wordpress.com/2016/10/07/the-abrahamists-et-alii-vs-the-clitoris-or/
Unz: I tried to mark this as troll, however, it said that I was commenting too quickly. After I returned, I couldn’t mark this as troll anymore due to the reaction per hour limit. Could this be looked into?
Thanks.
– http://www.unz.com/jthompson/isteve-metrics/#comment-1827416
Great study!
There is also this:
Smarter brains are blood-thirsty brains
https://m.phys.org/news/2016-08-smarter-brains-blood-thirsty.html
Carotid Artery Diameter in Men and Women
and the Relation to Body and Neck Size
– http://stroke.ahajournals.org/content/strokeaha/37/4/1103.full.pdf Krejza et al. (2006)
– http://www.unz.com/jthompson/isteve-metrics/#comment-1829793
– The Myth of East Asian Intellectual Supremacy by Peter J. White http://thecross-roads.org/race-culture-nation/25-the-myth-of-east-asian-intellectual-supremacy
Res**
I don’t see any assertion that IQ says everything about intelligence. In fact, if you read further you will notice that Dr. Thompson specifically points out the areas where women perform better on the subtests (I see that you mentioned that in your second comment).
The motte and bailey game with “IQism” is tiresome (and intellectually dishonest IMHO).
P.S. To the "anti-IQists" (in quotes because using that definition I am also an anti-IQist), this is what providing a direct link and quote confirming what I say looks like. Please try it yourselves sometime.
Extract the confession from dishonest people. I'm not gullible to believe that you will admit IQism some day, specially today.
Ok you want a explicit assertion.
You are incapable to think for yourself??
Do you need a explicit confession...
The entire narrative of IQism is explicit. Check out my first comments directed to you and tell me if it's not a "IQ and intelligence are the synonymous".
I mention how sir Thompson despise women advantage over men advantage. Your final sentence he don't talk about both salient findings, women are on avg better than men in episodic memory and men better than women in spatial ability. It's not just on leftist media we can find manipulation of the findings.
Opinion: Intelligence variability is not gender-dependent
Why the Greater Male Variability hypothesis is not an established fact- http://tech.mit.edu/V131/N23/veldman.html- http://www.unz.com/jthompson/intelligence-and-general-knowledge-your-starter-for-10/#comment-1837783- http://www.unz.com/jthompson/intelligence-and-general-knowledge-your-starter-for-10/#comment-1837652- http://www.unz.com/jthompson/lifestyle-advice/#comment-1809071- http://www.unz.com/jthompson/lifestyle-advice/#comment-1809777- http://www.unz.com/jthompson/tomster-on-marriage/#comment-1838477
Christopher Hitchens: Why Women Still Aren't Funny
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I7izJggqCoA
The motte and bailey game with "IQism" is tiresome (and intellectually dishonest IMHO).
To clarify, I am using the definition of “IQism” which CanSpeccy asserted in this comment: http://www.unz.com/article/will-scrabble-have-the-last-word-on-the-iq-debate/#comment-1844872
Santoculto, if you are using a different definition of IQism please state it both concisely and precisely.
P.S. To the “anti-IQists” (in quotes because using that definition I am also an anti-IQist), this is what providing a direct link and quote confirming what I say looks like. Please try it yourselves sometime.
Anyway, thanks for more reading, in the already full in tray.
I don’t know about the original Wechsler samples but the two point male advantage also shows up in modern US standardisations of the WAIS-IV. The same doesn’t happen for other batteries which is why I think latent g might be preferable, at least for the sex differences question. Far as I know there is no reason to believe WAIS full scale IQ (showing sex differences) is more predictive than e.g. IQ as measured by the Woodcock-Johnson showing no difference.
Latent g factor extracted from one battery correlates extremely well with latent g of another battery so that might be a better measure to compare the sexes on. Also I think it was Jensen who advocated comparing g factor scores and I greatly respect Jensen.
I’m not up to date with the literature on general knowledge. Stumbled across a study on Twitter a while ago which showed that you can manipulate tests to favor either sex but that’s not necessarily a convincing argument to disprove male advantage here. We would have to find out what “the best measure” of general knowledge looks like I assume
Now one can certainly argue that muscles are of different densities, that they might be placed slightly differently on the bone, and so on. And this might even affect the effective strength that the individual can apply to an object. Absolutely.
But it doesn't change the general rule that larger muscles allow for more strength to be applied, and when this is also supported by various other studies, such as IQ being reflected with life outcomes and educational status, it means that it is an useful model.
No model is perfect. But some models are more useful than others. Ultimately, the major practical goal of science is to find models which can be predictive and IQ is pretty predictive and useful.
I have little impression that conceptual intelligence research is becoming more closed because this IQism.
It’s the fundamental part instead I agree that it’s useful too, I always agree about that. I’m showing what is already happening. As if conceptual understanding of intelligence as well complete psychological evaluation already don’t need to be done, IQ replace everything that is correlated with intelligence.
You are comparing intelligence, a complex entity with muscles. I don’t think this comparison is valid.
“No model is perfect”
No??
So why buildings don’t fall in the ground??
It’s a excuse.
Even creativity IQ don’t measure or predict… One of the most important ability human may have.
Good social outcomes require higher cognitive skills (and not psycho-cognitive) and conformity.
Quantitative = size
Do you agree with me??
IQ correlates with a lot of outcomes
Great, now we need analyze it in more intimate way. But most people here seems just analyze by the surface and conclude by it…
The motte and bailey game with "IQism" is tiresome (and intellectually dishonest IMHO).
One of the most challenging tasks is
Extract the confession from dishonest people. I’m not gullible to believe that you will admit IQism some day, specially today.
Ok you want a explicit assertion.
You are incapable to think for yourself??
Do you need a explicit confession…
The entire narrative of IQism is explicit. Check out my first comments directed to you and tell me if it’s not a “IQ and intelligence are the synonymous”.
I mention how sir Thompson despise women advantage over men advantage. Your final sentence he don’t talk about both salient findings, women are on avg better than men in episodic memory and men better than women in spatial ability. It’s not just on leftist media we can find manipulation of the findings.
One could replicate this study, or much of it, in the PING dataset. This has only children and some youths, but also excellent MRI data and 7 cognitive tests or so. I did not and the brain size gap is there. I don’t recall if there’s a cognitive gap or not. Per Lynnian developmental theory, it should be quite small or nonexistent (might be reversed even, as 11 is the mean age IIRC).
I’m sick of affirmative action. It’s really that simple.
Santoculto, I usually can’t understand WTF you’re talking about, so eventually I gave up trying. But the idea that taking IQ seriously is the same as IQ fetishism is nonsense. I do the former, but not the latter.
It’s always amazing to me, the way females punch way above their weight class in this regard. They’re like Jews, they seem to store slights away for later use. I have learned to do the same to them.
As for your calculations of how the tails shake out, let’s keep in mind that behavioral differences matter, too. Women are more risk-averse, more conformist, less aggressive, etc.
Latent g factor extracted from one battery correlates extremely well with latent g of another battery so that might be a better measure to compare the sexes on. Also I think it was Jensen who advocated comparing g factor scores and I greatly respect Jensen.
I'm not up to date with the literature on general knowledge. Stumbled across a study on Twitter a while ago which showed that you can manipulate tests to favor either sex but that's not necessarily a convincing argument to disprove male advantage here. We would have to find out what "the best measure" of general knowledge looks like I assume
On the potential manipulation of general knowledge tests, reasonable studies have been done to see what subjects, in which proportions, habitually show up in general knowledge tests. Then a representative test can be constructed to see if that shows sex differences. Those results show a male advantage.
I seem to remember that (Lord) Nicholas Stern adopted a zero discount rate in asssessing what should be done now about AGW and, on Googling I am reminded that he cited my intellectual hero Frank Ramsey in support (Keynes quoted another as describing FR as one of the chief intellectual glories of Cambridge - who taught himself enough German in a few months to be able, at the age of 24, to supervise Wittgenstein's PhD, and died at 31). What does psychology say about age related choice of discount rates?
Sorry, doc, I can’t read that piece. Anyone who says “utilizing” when all he means is “using” is too precious or pompous or silly for me.
Latent g factor extracted from one battery correlates extremely well with latent g of another battery so that might be a better measure to compare the sexes on. Also I think it was Jensen who advocated comparing g factor scores and I greatly respect Jensen.
I'm not up to date with the literature on general knowledge. Stumbled across a study on Twitter a while ago which showed that you can manipulate tests to favor either sex but that's not necessarily a convincing argument to disprove male advantage here. We would have to find out what "the best measure" of general knowledge looks like I assume
general points covered here: http://www.unz.com/jthompson/intelligence-and-general-knowledge-your-starter-for-10/
The paper I mentioned was posted in the comment section of your article although my description of it wasn't the best. It's this one
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/305005874_The_influence_of_item_sampling_on_sex_differences_in_knowledge_tests
The motte and bailey game with "IQism" is tiresome (and intellectually dishonest IMHO).
Yes, I agree. I think women’s intelligence and behaviors, the good and the bad, have only been understood very poorly so far, in my opinion. I highly appreciate, that Mr. Thompson takes such a measured and balanced approach to this research. Why for example, do women live on average longer than men when they are on average slightly less intelligent than men, and longer life expectancy has been found to be positively correlated with higher intelligence? Is it because the male IQ distribution bell curve is flatter than the female one, and if that is true, what really causes it? Or is it due to less risk-taking, less aggressiveness, etc. (due to lower testosterone levels and higher rates of high-activity MAOA in women than in men?)?:
Opinion: Intelligence variability is not gender-dependent
Why the Greater Male Variability hypothesis is not an established fact
- http://tech.mit.edu/V131/N23/veldman.html
– http://www.unz.com/jthompson/intelligence-and-general-knowledge-your-starter-for-10/#comment-1837783
– http://www.unz.com/jthompson/intelligence-and-general-knowledge-your-starter-for-10/#comment-1837652
– http://www.unz.com/jthompson/lifestyle-advice/#comment-1809071
– http://www.unz.com/jthompson/lifestyle-advice/#comment-1809777
– http://www.unz.com/jthompson/tomster-on-marriage/#comment-1838477
Christopher Hitchens: Why Women Still Aren’t Funny
Why Are Most Drowning Victims Men? Sex Differences in Aquatic Skills and Behaviors
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1380371/pdf/amjph00512-0095.pdf Howland et al. (1996)Effects of Castration on the Life Expectancy of Contemporary Men
http://lesswrong.com/lw/lm4/effects_of_castration_on_the_life_expectancy_of/
As for your calculations of how the tails shake out, let's keep in mind that behavioral differences matter, too. Women are more risk-averse, more conformist, less aggressive, etc.
IQ is not only fetishism. Maybe it explain why you think I believe in. I will not explain because you will not understand.
Yes, but there are no standardized tests to measure successful manipulating of others,
self interested duplicity, and those other areas women tend to excel at.
Since the invention of the Uzi and other light weapons, women should be half of a country’s
military force. But somehow they were smart enough to get out of that one.
Graunt, the Vaunt
https://altright.com/2016/12/22/autism-and-the-extreme-male-brain/
Who is quoted above?
Women having smaller brains on average, even when controlled for body size, makes sense if women have less intellectually demanding lives. It probably also means that more of them will survive birth ...
Forgivc me if I’m missing something here. It’s rather late so that may well be the case. Lynn and Irwing don’t seem to get into the matter of subject choice or item sampling. They note that a 0.5SD difference is replicable although from what I have seen it also seems to vary by test.
The paper I mentioned was posted in the comment section of your article although my description of it wasn’t the best. It’s this one
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/305005874_The_influence_of_item_sampling_on_sex_differences_in_knowledge_tests
The picture seems to be that men have wider general knowledge. In the widest ranging tests of general knowledge, they do well. That is why they win general knowledge tests. One could check this by making sure that the test items are extremely "general".
Now, within their broad range of interests men have some subjects on which they do less well. If you sample selectively within those subjects you can manipulate the outcome.
Bottom line: general knowledge quizzes must be general in the broad sense of that word.
Opinion: Intelligence variability is not gender-dependent
Why the Greater Male Variability hypothesis is not an established fact- http://tech.mit.edu/V131/N23/veldman.html- http://www.unz.com/jthompson/intelligence-and-general-knowledge-your-starter-for-10/#comment-1837783- http://www.unz.com/jthompson/intelligence-and-general-knowledge-your-starter-for-10/#comment-1837652- http://www.unz.com/jthompson/lifestyle-advice/#comment-1809071- http://www.unz.com/jthompson/lifestyle-advice/#comment-1809777- http://www.unz.com/jthompson/tomster-on-marriage/#comment-1838477
Christopher Hitchens: Why Women Still Aren't Funny
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I7izJggqCoA
This is interesting too:
Warren Buffett Invests Like A Girl?
– https://www.forbes.com/sites/jennagoudreau/2011/06/27/warren-buffett-invests-like-a-girl/#3d9bc12e6845
– http://www.unz.com/jthompson/the-secret-in-your-eyes/#comment-1803147
– http://www.unz.com/jthompson/the-secret-in-your-eyes/#comment-1815864
Where Are the Women in Finance?
– https://www.bloomberg.com/view/articles/2016-02-24/why-don-t-more-women-hold-top-jobs-in-finance
I am convinced, that if more women start to work in the financial sector, that we will see fewer stock market crashes, financial crises, etc.
Corporate psychopath theory of the global financial crisis
– https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychopathy_in_the_workplace#Corporate_psychopath_theory_of_the_global_financial_crisis
– http://www.unz.com/freed/iq-a-skeptics-view/#comment-1732997
Don’t be fuld! – http://www.unz.com/isteve/obama-finally-de-blackballed-by-jewish-country-club/#comment-1738159
Dick Fuld rip out your heart
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2827458/ Coates et al. (2010)
These results seem to support the notion that culture goes to seed. Good memory is valuable for gathering a wide variety of foods. Good spacial perception and resourcefulness is valuable for hunting.
Clearly, you have not reflected on the fact that an under fifteen male soccer team beat the US Women’s team.
Also, many guys point out that men are faster than women in a range of competitive sports that require participants to react to the opponent.
Processing speed tests usually measure the ability to do moderately difficult cognitive tasks in time.
There is substantial evidence of a female superiority in processing speed e.g.
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016028960500125X
My guess was Darwin, and indeed it was: The descent of man.
The problem for this view is that human brain sizes are ultimately limited by pelvic openings.
Women having smaller brains on average, even when controlled for body size, makes sense if women have less intellectually demanding lives. It probably also means that more of them will survive birth …
Women having smaller brains on average, even when controlled for body size, makes sense if women have less intellectually demanding lives. It probably also means that more of them will survive birth ...
Yes and average man supposedly have very demanding intellectual life…
Imagine a female Michelangelo, Einstein or Beethoven!!!
Also, many guys point out that men are faster than women in a range of competitive sports that require participants to react to the opponent.
Reaction time != processing speed
Processing speed tests usually measure the ability to do moderately difficult cognitive tasks in time.
There is substantial evidence of a female superiority in processing speed e.g.
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016028960500125X
Women are morons at their core. Then, their moods outrun their meds. Women were an excellent group to have handed unfettered control of our education system over to. Also Capitol Hill, media, news. Examine all the realms of failed society in the West, the beginnings of failure were infusing our systems of education, law, communications and news with women.
Any other conclusion is politically correct white-knighting.
Processing speed tests usually measure the ability to do moderately difficult cognitive tasks in time.
There is substantial evidence of a female superiority in processing speed e.g.
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016028960500125X
Thanks for the info. From the abstract:
Is this study subject to possibly normalizing away real sex differences? (I thought that was discussed in the links from this article, but can’t find the reference now)
That said the one study I know measuring the underlying g factor on the Woodcock Johnson actually found a small female advantage.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/222660770_Sex_differences_in_latent_cognitive_abilities_ages_6_to_59_Evidence_from_the_Woodcock-Johnson_III_tests_of_cognitive_abilities
Most IQ tests are normed to show no sex differences either by balancing items showing advantage for either sex against each other or by omitting those showing larger differences all together. I would imagine the Woodcock-Johnson is no different here.
That said the only latent variable study performed on it showed a small female advantage in g interestingly. In general the g factor extracted from one battery is highly similar to that of another so I don't think the result can be attributed to test composition
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/222660770_Sex_differences_in_latent_cognitive_abilities_ages_6_to_59_Evidence_from_the_Woodcock-Johnson_III_tests_of_cognitive_abilities
An already-disappeared study published last week in the respectable journal Personality and Individual Differences also found men outscoring women by about 5 IQ points on the Wechsler scale, among a representative sample of 2,000 German subjects. But don’t expect to read anything about it in the news.
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0191886917302520
I’m not denying the science behind it, but even if IQ were granted to be 100% genetic (Which it almost certainly isn’t), any comments about the IQs of women vs. men or black vs. white etc. cannot be logically extrapolated to say anything about the individual.
If only that point could be easily ascertained by the greater population, none of this science would be controversial. By looking at a woman, you have no rational way of determining where she falls on the IQ spectrum in relation to all women, so even with the knowledge that women’s IQs are generally a few points less than men, you can’t say anything with surety about an individual woman’s IQ.
The implication of these studies should be that we should treat each person as an individual, not as a member of a collective group. Knowing the colour of my skin or my gender tells you nothing about me, simply because of the great variance that exists within populations. Only by admitting we are not born equal and we are not the same, can a true meritocracy be established where each person is treated as an individual. Studies like this should relegate identity politics and any sort of Marxist ideal into the tumble-drier of nonsense where it belongs.
Unfortunately as we have seen with Charles Murray and others, the opposite has been, and will likely continue to be true.
As Dr. Thompson writes:This means that a preponderance of men in high positions in intellectually demanding fields might simply reflect natural ability, and not discrimination or bias.
From molecule to market: steroid hormones and financial risk-taking
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2827458/ Coates et al. (2010)
Yes I would think so. Most IQ tests are “normed” so sex differences balance each other out in the general index (or items showing large differences are simply omitted). I don’t know why it should be different for the Woodcock-Johnson
That said the one study I know measuring the underlying g factor on the Woodcock Johnson actually found a small female advantage.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/222660770_Sex_differences_in_latent_cognitive_abilities_ages_6_to_59_Evidence_from_the_Woodcock-Johnson_III_tests_of_cognitive_abilities
http://emilkirkegaard.dk/en/wp-content/uploads/Just-one-g-Consistent-results-from-three-test-batteries.pdf
Otherwise you could easily create IQ tests favoring either sex (using items on which either men or women perform better in) and there wouldn't be an easy way to know which is "the best one"
That said the one study I know measuring the underlying g factor on the Woodcock Johnson actually found a small female advantage.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/222660770_Sex_differences_in_latent_cognitive_abilities_ages_6_to_59_Evidence_from_the_Woodcock-Johnson_III_tests_of_cognitive_abilities
Should maybe add here that g factor is highly similar across batteries which is why I consider it a better metric to compare the sexes on
http://emilkirkegaard.dk/en/wp-content/uploads/Just-one-g-Consistent-results-from-three-test-batteries.pdf
Otherwise you could easily create IQ tests favoring either sex (using items on which either men or women perform better in) and there wouldn’t be an easy way to know which is “the best one”
The paper I mentioned was posted in the comment section of your article although my description of it wasn't the best. It's this one
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/305005874_The_influence_of_item_sampling_on_sex_differences_in_knowledge_tests
This is my current understanding of the situation.
The picture seems to be that men have wider general knowledge. In the widest ranging tests of general knowledge, they do well. That is why they win general knowledge tests. One could check this by making sure that the test items are extremely “general”.
Now, within their broad range of interests men have some subjects on which they do less well. If you sample selectively within those subjects you can manipulate the outcome.
Bottom line: general knowledge quizzes must be general in the broad sense of that word.
The interesting question isn’t really overall brain size, but the relative size of different brain areas. Women are supposed to have a larger hippocampus, which gives them an advantage in some memory tasks. Men have larger parietal lobes which gives them an advantage in spatial intelligence. That leaves the frontal lobes – are the frontal lobes bigger in men, and if so does that give them an IQ advantage? So far, the evidence isn’t very clear.
A highly researched book on sex differences in intelligence “Smart and Sexy” by roderick kaine also elaborates on this finding which is available from an array of different studies. Broadly speaking there is, like you show, a small difference in the average that seems to be somewhere between 3-6 IQ points in favor of men. In addition men have a larger variance than women, which arguably is much more important in determining who counts among the highest achievers. The book makes a persuasive claim that this pattern is a result of intelligence being substantially X linked. Here is a review and summary of the book:
https://www.counter-currents.com/2016/11/why-most-high-achievers-are-men/
An interview with the author:
https://redice.tv/red-ice-radio/smart-and-sexy-biological-differences-between-men-and-women
self interested duplicity, and those other areas women tend to excel at.
Since the invention of the Uzi and other light weapons, women should be half of a country's
military force. But somehow they were smart enough to get out of that one. Graunt, the Vaunt
Here is an article on the extreme male theory of Autism, which suggests that testosterone mediates how much a brain develops to handle systems as opposed to other people, and too much leads to autism. There is apparently some sort of trade off in being better at Machiavellian reasoning vs. systemizing reasoning and it probably has to do with testosterone in the womb. Normal male development is away from Machiavellian and towards systemizing.
https://altright.com/2016/12/22/autism-and-the-extreme-male-brain/
… but what about the colour/gender elephant in the room … it is off limits in Claremont but surely not everywhere …
I think that women on average are as smart as or smarter than men. They are only held back by the white male patriarchy. (Men of color are of course at least as intelligent as white women. Only racist sexists will want to break down people of color according to gender, which is a social construct anyway. We know since at least Jared Diamond’s Guns, Germs and Steel that People of Color are smarter than dumb whites anyway.)
This biased study also confirms that sexism is rampant in science. This is no way to accommodate women or people of color in science, so I propose that these scientists get sacked from whatever jobs they have. They should also engage in self-criticism sessions.
My reply seems to have got stuck somehow so I’m posting this again.
Most IQ tests are normed to show no sex differences either by balancing items showing advantage for either sex against each other or by omitting those showing larger differences all together. I would imagine the Woodcock-Johnson is no different here.
That said the only latent variable study performed on it showed a small female advantage in g interestingly. In general the g factor extracted from one battery is highly similar to that of another so I don’t think the result can be attributed to test composition
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/222660770_Sex_differences_in_latent_cognitive_abilities_ages_6_to_59_Evidence_from_the_Woodcock-Johnson_III_tests_of_cognitive_abilities
The picture seems to be that men have wider general knowledge. In the widest ranging tests of general knowledge, they do well. That is why they win general knowledge tests. One could check this by making sure that the test items are extremely "general".
Now, within their broad range of interests men have some subjects on which they do less well. If you sample selectively within those subjects you can manipulate the outcome.
Bottom line: general knowledge quizzes must be general in the broad sense of that word.
That does make sense and also explains discrepancies between different tests. The paper I posted seems to insist on specific item sampling issues rather than male bias due to subjects but I think I will have to read it again before talking more about it
ALMOST men are not geniuses, even, most regular men are subconsciously and viciously anti-genius.
A Tale of Two Brains
In this entertaining film, marriage expert Mark Gungor explores the differences between men and women.
I’m not going to disagree with the results of this study – I am not familiar with it. But one thing to keep in mind:
Certainly between different species of animals, larger brains generally means more intelligent (although primates have a neural ‘hack’ that gives them an even greater edge). However, within a species, the link is trickier.
For example, there is a well defined area in the back of your brain called “primary visual cortex.” It’s pretty big, on average the size of a credit card (if unfolded) in each cerebral hemisphere. In otherwise normal subjects with no pathology, the relative size of this primary visual area varies by 2.5 to 1. And yet researchers have been trying for some time to see if people with bigger primary visual cortices have better visual abilities, and mostly failing.
Consider also that any given female with an IQ of 120 almost certainly has a smaller brain than a standard male with an IQ of 80, even accounting for body size.
So sure, statistically men may have an edge in many areas, and strict proportional affirmative action may well be a bad idea, but person by person brain size is not destiny.
When my I.Q. was low, I argued that
I.Q. didn’t matter. When it got high, I argued that it did.
Because women has been dominated by men so they have been selected to be tamed, more than men, and more tamed also mean ”not bigger brains”.
And less tamed women maybe tend to be less prone to like maternity.
In the same way long-term slaves can/may be selected to be obedient/more tamed to their ”owners”.
What is wrong is to think that it’s just the intrinsic nature of feminility everywhere. Maybe ”we” can over select women with higher visual spatial skills, over select men with higher episod memory as well over-des-select men with higher visual skills and women with higher episod memory and see what would happened.
Looking for that perspective, the idea that no there universally intrinsic differences between man and woman brain don’t appear to be so absurd, even because this current differences are product of hundred, thousand of culture co-evolution overall common patterns: men [hunters], women [gatherers].
If only that point could be easily ascertained by the greater population, none of this science would be controversial. By looking at a woman, you have no rational way of determining where she falls on the IQ spectrum in relation to all women, so even with the knowledge that women's IQs are generally a few points less than men, you can't say anything with surety about an individual woman's IQ.
The implication of these studies should be that we should treat each person as an individual, not as a member of a collective group. Knowing the colour of my skin or my gender tells you nothing about me, simply because of the great variance that exists within populations. Only by admitting we are not born equal and we are not the same, can a true meritocracy be established where each person is treated as an individual. Studies like this should relegate identity politics and any sort of Marxist ideal into the tumble-drier of nonsense where it belongs.
Unfortunately as we have seen with Charles Murray and others, the opposite has been, and will likely continue to be true.
This is absolutely correct. But if these results are valid – although they should not change how we view individuals whom we meet, they ought to change how we view perceived discrepancies in group achievement.
As Dr. Thompson writes:
This means that a preponderance of men in high positions in intellectually demanding fields might simply reflect natural ability, and not discrimination or bias.
I.Q. didn't matter. When it got high, I argued that it did.
This sounds like the usual mode of operation for most commentators.
Certainly between different species of animals, larger brains generally means more intelligent (although primates have a neural 'hack' that gives them an even greater edge). However, within a species, the link is trickier.
For example, there is a well defined area in the back of your brain called "primary visual cortex." It's pretty big, on average the size of a credit card (if unfolded) in each cerebral hemisphere. In otherwise normal subjects with no pathology, the relative size of this primary visual area varies by 2.5 to 1. And yet researchers have been trying for some time to see if people with bigger primary visual cortices have better visual abilities, and mostly failing.
Consider also that any given female with an IQ of 120 almost certainly has a smaller brain than a standard male with an IQ of 80, even accounting for body size.
So sure, statistically men may have an edge in many areas, and strict proportional affirmative action may well be a bad idea, but person by person brain size is not destiny.
This is a testable hypothesis. Do any of the studies mentioned here contain data which can test it?
I.Q. didn't matter. When it got high, I argued that it did.
Funny how that works. That idea extends to many other traits as well in my experience.
Hsve I missed something? I can’t see in this thread any reference to one obvious commonsense test.
Assuming the factual accuracy and validity of what can be calculated from the study’s small (unless somehow perfectly representative) sample what would one predict the difference between men’s and women’s SAT scores would be? And do they match the prediction?
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160289606000250
However Hunt argues that since more men than women take the SAT the gap found by Rushton is very much to be expected assuming there are no sex differences in the general population. He provides a mathematical model to prove this
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160289608000251
People in this study are older though and Lynn would argue that male advantage is larger in adulthood. So we will see.
Yes, you can rank by IQ and then compare brain sizes by sex. Done on g scores in the paper under discussion.
Here are some quotes I find suggestive:The kinds of things I have an mind to test the hypothesis would be:
1. Specific examples (e.g. Boxplots) of all the brain sizes (corrected for body size?) in a given IQ bin by sex. This would provide counterexamples to argue against "almost certainly" if they exist.
2. A scatterplot of IQ vs. corrected brain size with sex indicated by different colors/symbols and separate regression lines (and/or splines) for each sex.
(I use this kind of scatterplot frequently to look at sex differences in my analyses of medical data. John Fox's car R package scatterplot function does a nice job of doing this with little effort. The separation and slopes of the regression lines give a good overview of how the differences in the y variable with respect to sex and x axis variable differences compare in size.)
Would someone who has access to the data be willing to do something like this?
One other thing that struck me was:That seems like a surprisingly low % variance explained for g. Can anyone explain the parenthetical comment to me (I would have expected restricting the variance looked at to increase the % variance explained by g, so I must be misreading)?
Any thoughts on the low % variance explained by g here?
Yeah, this confirms why I get to be Tech Support and do all the difficult shizzle around the house.
But let’s face it guys: We might have the IQ, but our women tend to beat us hands down on EQ (notwithstanding moods), which is likely another reason nature steers most of us to cross-gender pair-bonding.
Jim, watch your “six o’clock”. I knew there was a “Hasbara” in place to attack what were perceived as anti-Zionist posts in the Unz Review, but I had no idea that there was a similar crowd poised to protect the visage that gender was a personal choice … and that there are no differences between men and women.
I roam the Unz Review a couple of hours a day. I know I should have better things to do with my time. However, I become very familiar with the “handles” of the regulars. Why is it that “handles” show up for what can be perceived as anti-Zionist and now anti-feminist posts? Is there organized warning systems out in the ether?
The best thing about reality is … reality “bites”. Believe what one wants to justify a counter-factual, utopian, emotional-based reality and it goes for naught. Reality wins every time.
Thing is: Was this study made with incredibly homogenous samples? Like, with an island population who lived there for 1000 of years?
If not, the findings could be compromised. Just imagine if there’s a racial unbalance between the groups?
If there’s more Asian men and African women, the difference will be artificially increased, and if the opposite holds true, the difference will be decreased.
But even then, the study would have problems: Who were those Asians? Chinese Han? Thai? Philippines? They all possess huge difference among themselves too. And who were those Africans? Pure, mixed? From where? Who were the Whites? Anglo-Saxons or Slavs?
You see, this study needs complete and total racial consistency across the board. I recommend doing it again in some place, say, the Orkney Island.
Rushton found a male advantage of about 3.6 IQ points (in g) on a 1991 validity sample of the SAT.
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160289606000250
However Hunt argues that since more men than women take the SAT the gap found by Rushton is very much to be expected assuming there are no sex differences in the general population. He provides a mathematical model to prove this
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160289608000251
People in this study are older though and Lynn would argue that male advantage is larger in adulthood. So we will see.
As for your calculations of how the tails shake out, let's keep in mind that behavioral differences matter, too. Women are more risk-averse, more conformist, less aggressive, etc.
He has excellent verbal abstraction skills, don’t you know? If only if it could also be translated into verbal communication skills.
P.S. I consider it a victory if someone asks me to back up what I say (in a hostile fashion, friendly requests are welcome) and I do so. Please don't ask me unless you are prepared to deal with that.
P.P.S. To save time, here is the example I had in mind. In particular note the multiple specific references (especially the humble one) in the second paragraph and the overall theme of the last paragraph: http://www.unz.com/freed/iq-a-skeptics-view/#comment-1740152
People who can learn my English can tell for themselves why I'm right about my humble self statement.
But let's face it guys: We might have the IQ, but our women tend to beat us hands down on EQ (notwithstanding moods), which is likely another reason nature steers most of us to cross-gender pair-bonding.
True. Also don’t neglect the value of differing perspectives. Some amount/sorts of diversity is good for decision making. Provided the differences aren’t so large that agreement becomes difficult (no shortage of examples of that in 21st century USA).
What is g in male-female studies? Apparently it is what Jensen decided to be. The following is from H. Cyborg, Sex-related differences in general intelligence g, brain size, and social status, Personality and Individual Differences 39 (2005)
Pretty much what you would expect when dealing with something was so ill defined, right? But obviously Jensen knew better
If you believe that ghosts exist all studies giving negative results must have been contaminated, right? This is pretty much the level of thinking of Jensen and the rest of g-mongers and IQ-quists.
So, lo and behold and voila!
What a pathetic bunch!
Thanks. I skimmed the paper and don’t see a way to address TG’s assertion directly. Although there is lots of suggestive data and analysis I don’t have a good enough sense of the effect sizes to evaluate that assertion (e.g. how would the likely difference in brain size for a 40 IQ point difference, just less than 3 SD, compare to a .75 SD brain size difference between sexes?).
Here are some quotes I find suggestive:
The kinds of things I have an mind to test the hypothesis would be:
1. Specific examples (e.g. Boxplots) of all the brain sizes (corrected for body size?) in a given IQ bin by sex. This would provide counterexamples to argue against “almost certainly” if they exist.
2. A scatterplot of IQ vs. corrected brain size with sex indicated by different colors/symbols and separate regression lines (and/or splines) for each sex.
(I use this kind of scatterplot frequently to look at sex differences in my analyses of medical data. John Fox’s car R package scatterplot function does a nice job of doing this with little effort. The separation and slopes of the regression lines give a good overview of how the differences in the y variable with respect to sex and x axis variable differences compare in size.)
Would someone who has access to the data be willing to do something like this?
One other thing that struck me was:
That seems like a surprisingly low % variance explained for g. Can anyone explain the parenthetical comment to me (I would have expected restricting the variance looked at to increase the % variance explained by g, so I must be misreading)?
Any thoughts on the low % variance explained by g here?
Here is a slightly out of date summary, too brief for your needs, but general background:
http://www.unz.com/jthompson/intelligence-in-2000-words
Probably more to your taste:
http://www.unz.com/jthompson/the-wechsler-factor-factory
Is IQ still legal? Are our commisars sleeping on the job?
Can an argument be true if a woman fails to understand it?
Datapoints: Living among women for 70 years ... and being happily married for 49 of those years.
But the best part is the humility with which he renders his assertions of excellence. Lest anyone think I am picking on Santoculto excessively for two isolated comments, this has come up before. I can chase down an earlier example if anyone insists.
P.S. I consider it a victory if someone asks me to back up what I say (in a hostile fashion, friendly requests are welcome) and I do so. Please don’t ask me unless you are prepared to deal with that.
P.P.S. To save time, here is the example I had in mind. In particular note the multiple specific references (especially the humble one) in the second paragraph and the overall theme of the last paragraph: http://www.unz.com/freed/iq-a-skeptics-view/#comment-1740152
I consider it as a "escape from inescapable victory", my victory over you. I already answer Lower intellectual self esteem IS NOT humility. Do you answer my/this comment?? I don't think, oh, RES, the honest.
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160289606000250
However Hunt argues that since more men than women take the SAT the gap found by Rushton is very much to be expected assuming there are no sex differences in the general population. He provides a mathematical model to prove this
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160289608000251
People in this study are older though and Lynn would argue that male advantage is larger in adulthood. So we will see.
But should this be the case in a validity sample? In fact, if you look at Rushton’s abstract his sample had more females than males.
Pit the top 55% of women against the top 45% of men and you will have higher average scores for men. Can easily be verified comparing with NAEP 12th grade data (difference is 0.1SD and - 0.2SD for math and reading respectively instead of 0.3SD and 0 in the SAT) although that lacks a reliable g estimate
A yellow man shaking its hands with typical white nationalist. God bless globalization.
People who can learn my English can tell for themselves why I’m right about my humble self statement.
P.S. I consider it a victory if someone asks me to back up what I say (in a hostile fashion, friendly requests are welcome) and I do so. Please don't ask me unless you are prepared to deal with that.
P.P.S. To save time, here is the example I had in mind. In particular note the multiple specific references (especially the humble one) in the second paragraph and the overall theme of the last paragraph: http://www.unz.com/freed/iq-a-skeptics-view/#comment-1740152
Yea. You consider a victory what you still don’t answer, my subsequent comment… ??
I consider it as a “escape from inescapable victory”, my victory over you.
I already answer
Lower intellectual self esteem IS NOT humility. Do you answer my/this comment?? I don’t think, oh, RES, the honest.
P.S. I consider it a victory if someone asks me to back up what I say (in a hostile fashion, friendly requests are welcome) and I do so. Please don't ask me unless you are prepared to deal with that.
P.P.S. To save time, here is the example I had in mind. In particular note the multiple specific references (especially the humble one) in the second paragraph and the overall theme of the last paragraph: http://www.unz.com/freed/iq-a-skeptics-view/#comment-1740152
RES, the honest, seems have a interesting strategic pattern. When he know it can’t refute me he give up. I still expecting your refutation of my comment, “intellectual humility is not intellectual lower self esteem”…
1. Stop calling me intellectually dishonest.
OR
2. Back it up with evidence.
You are the one who seems obsessed with dishonesty. I tend to assume people are honest until they prove otherwise (this gets me in trouble sometimes, the perils of growing up in a high trust society which is quickly becoming lower trust).No. I have learned through bitter experience that refuting you is a waste of time. I have expended thousands of words doing so (literally, for a start see my link above) with little to no acknowledgment that anything I have said is either valid or useful (contrast that with I try to say complimentary things when I think Santoculto makes a good point, I just find it difficult to find examples of that).
Basically I choose not to respond (aka give up) when I realize a given conversation has reached the point of uselessness (admittedly sometimes I am slow to recognize this). I also often choose not to respond to comments I do not find understandable--which is distressingly frequent.I don't refute that because I agree with it. They are different, but correlations exist. Perhaps it would help if I give the definition of arrogance I internalized at a very competitive college (arrogance was a frequent topic of conversation there).
It's not arrogance if you can back it up.
I know I have an ego (as you say, self esteem). The thing I find demoralizing is how frequently people find simple demonstrations of competence to be threatening, bragging, or arrogant.
Santoculto, if you would spend more time demonstrating your excellence and humility and less time asserting them we would get along much better.
P.S. To anyone who hasn't realized this yet, Santoculto's comments are much more fun if you read them with the assumption he is guilty of everything he accuses other people of. Projection is real...
My mistake. It’s obviously because more women than men take the SAT. Otherwise one would expect women to score higher given no difference in the general population.
Pit the top 55% of women against the top 45% of men and you will have higher average scores for men. Can easily be verified comparing with NAEP 12th grade data (difference is 0.1SD and – 0.2SD for math and reading respectively instead of 0.3SD and 0 in the SAT) although that lacks a reliable g estimate
Pit the top 55% of women against the top 45% of men and you will have higher average scores for men. Can easily be verified comparing with NAEP 12th grade data (difference is 0.1SD and - 0.2SD for math and reading respectively instead of 0.3SD and 0 in the SAT) although that lacks a reliable g estimate
That makes sense. Thanks for clarifying. Can you offer any opinion on Hunt’s explanation? I get the basic idea, but so many of the “denial of group differences” arguments are mostly obfuscatory squid ink that I lose my motivation for striving for a detailed understanding.
Hunt also isn't a 100% environmentalist like Nisbett and has far as I know never done anything embarassing like attempting to disprove brain size/IQ correlation with an n = 36 study.
People who can learn my English can tell for themselves why I'm right about my humble self statement.
One of the things I like best about the Unz Review commentariat is the diversity of backgrounds, beliefs, and ideas. Along with our ability despite that to converse in reasonably civil fashion and gain a greater understanding of each other’s viewpoints. Not to mention the ability to reach points of agreement between some superficially strange bedfellows. For those who laugh at my invocation of diversity (as I kind of do) in this context, I would contend there is more actual diversity of thought here than in the mainstream and no shortage of places to go to get that kind of diversity and point of view any time I want.
The main thing to note about the data presented would seem to be the triviality of the correlations. For example, among partial correlations of brain characteristics with the g factor (whatever that may be), the highest r value is 0.305 meaning that, within the population of males examined, variation in gray matter volume accounted for just 9.3% (r-squared) of the variation in g.
For the overall sample, variation in brain size accounted for just 5.7% of the variation in g, a little less than the estimate of 7% cited by Stephen Jay Gould in The Mismeasure of Man — variation that Gould suggested could be largely explained by the influence of pathological microcephaly, meaning that among developmentally normal individuals the effect would probably disappear.
But insofar as the effect is unrelated to the incidence of developmental defects, one might expect the relationship to be affected by nutritional factors, disease factors, and socio-economic factors. Such factors would probably rule out inter-group comparisons, including perhaps, comparisons between men and women.
There are likely also educational or occupational factors since there is evidence of learning-related neurogenesis. Moreover, occupation must have an impact on brain:body mass ratio, e.g., in well-muscled professional athletes or manual workers versus computer geeks or professional models.
Taking all these possibilities into consideration and taking account also of the remarkable case of the man with a math degree, a well above average IQ, but virtually no brain, it seems that the study of brain size is unlikely to explain very much about intelligence, let alone the genius of persons such as Carl Gauss or Albert Einstein, whose brains were found on autopsy to be of quite normal size.
Concerning the results presented, one wonders how adjustment was made for body weight. What allometric coefficients were used? Was a different coefficient used for men than for women, and if not, were weights adjusted to a fat-free basis to take account of the fact that women, on average, carry more fat than men?
But basically, it primarily affects the hippocampus in a healthy brain, which seems sensible as a function of learning. But not necessarily to a great degree or even any to other parts of the brain.
I used to study this a great deal as a pet cause, but it seems that ultimately neurogenesis - at least adult neurogenesis - has real but overall mild effects compared to the effect of hormones or even regular drug use that passes the blood-brain barrier.
James Thompson writes, “The spatial male advantage shows up in the first year of life.”
How were the relevant measurements made in that part of the first year of life that was pre-birth?
I’m just asking you to either:
1. Stop calling me intellectually dishonest.
OR
2. Back it up with evidence.
You are the one who seems obsessed with dishonesty. I tend to assume people are honest until they prove otherwise (this gets me in trouble sometimes, the perils of growing up in a high trust society which is quickly becoming lower trust).
No. I have learned through bitter experience that refuting you is a waste of time. I have expended thousands of words doing so (literally, for a start see my link above) with little to no acknowledgment that anything I have said is either valid or useful (contrast that with I try to say complimentary things when I think Santoculto makes a good point, I just find it difficult to find examples of that).
Basically I choose not to respond (aka give up) when I realize a given conversation has reached the point of uselessness (admittedly sometimes I am slow to recognize this). I also often choose not to respond to comments I do not find understandable–which is distressingly frequent.
I don’t refute that because I agree with it. They are different, but correlations exist. Perhaps it would help if I give the definition of arrogance I internalized at a very competitive college (arrogance was a frequent topic of conversation there).
It’s not arrogance if you can back it up.
I know I have an ego (as you say, self esteem). The thing I find demoralizing is how frequently people find simple demonstrations of competence to be threatening, bragging, or arrogant.
Santoculto, if you would spend more time demonstrating your excellence and humility and less time asserting them we would get along much better.
P.S. To anyone who hasn’t realized this yet, Santoculto’s comments are much more fun if you read them with the assumption he is guilty of everything he accuses other people of. Projection is real…
I agree with him in this case. The possibility that recruitment effects are distorting their results is already acknowledged by Rushton and Jackson and Hunt just further verifies it.
Hunt also isn’t a 100% environmentalist like Nisbett and has far as I know never done anything embarassing like attempting to disprove brain size/IQ correlation with an n = 36 study.
A sample of the arguments:The models get more complicated from there, but that should provide an idea for others.
P.S. Based on the references you have provided and your Hunt/Nisbett comparison I am guessing you are active in the intelligence research field (I am a layman, which is probably obvious). Thanks for commenting here. It's great to have as many people here as possible with a command of the literature.
don’t forget, Man Thinks, Women Feel, and God Laughs.
even when there is a smart woman, her emotions sabotage her thinking. Of course, there are a few outliers who can think as well as a man, about one per cent of females. Joe Webb
1. Stop calling me intellectually dishonest.
OR
2. Back it up with evidence.
You are the one who seems obsessed with dishonesty. I tend to assume people are honest until they prove otherwise (this gets me in trouble sometimes, the perils of growing up in a high trust society which is quickly becoming lower trust).No. I have learned through bitter experience that refuting you is a waste of time. I have expended thousands of words doing so (literally, for a start see my link above) with little to no acknowledgment that anything I have said is either valid or useful (contrast that with I try to say complimentary things when I think Santoculto makes a good point, I just find it difficult to find examples of that).
Basically I choose not to respond (aka give up) when I realize a given conversation has reached the point of uselessness (admittedly sometimes I am slow to recognize this). I also often choose not to respond to comments I do not find understandable--which is distressingly frequent.I don't refute that because I agree with it. They are different, but correlations exist. Perhaps it would help if I give the definition of arrogance I internalized at a very competitive college (arrogance was a frequent topic of conversation there).
It's not arrogance if you can back it up.
I know I have an ego (as you say, self esteem). The thing I find demoralizing is how frequently people find simple demonstrations of competence to be threatening, bragging, or arrogant.
Santoculto, if you would spend more time demonstrating your excellence and humility and less time asserting them we would get along much better.
P.S. To anyone who hasn't realized this yet, Santoculto's comments are much more fun if you read them with the assumption he is guilty of everything he accuses other people of. Projection is real...
I stop, now i’m calling you RES, the HONEST.
Evidence required that in this sentence i call you a INTELECTUALLY DISHONEST person.
OI*
So dishonesty is not THAT problem in debates, stop to focus on intelectual honesty of debaters… is it*
oooooh
”good point” = agree with me regardless the levels of intelectual correctness.
so, i win again…
you TRY to paint my ”face” as arrogant AND fail… bcause i explain that self-lower esteem is not exactly the same to intelectual humility. And that, a very good manifestation of intelectual humility IS accept own [intelectual] mistakes or misunderstoods and try to improve it, i could estimate at least 60% of people are deficient in intelectual humility as autistics are to the theory of mind.
evidence that i’m not demonstrating at least humility [don't mistake with lower intelectual self esteem]… only one time i said what YOU and MOST if not ALL people believe about themselves…
i don’t know if it is humility or courage to say what most people cleverly hide or manipulate from others, you included.
And you are not dis-honest…
So is it you think about me**
finally…
now i can call you
RES, the HONEST.
Hunt also isn't a 100% environmentalist like Nisbett and has far as I know never done anything embarassing like attempting to disprove brain size/IQ correlation with an n = 36 study.
Thanks. I just downloaded and skimmed his paper. It looks like a serious effort with realistic quantitative estimates and detailed justification.
A sample of the arguments:
The models get more complicated from there, but that should provide an idea for others.
P.S. Based on the references you have provided and your Hunt/Nisbett comparison I am guessing you are active in the intelligence research field (I am a layman, which is probably obvious). Thanks for commenting here. It’s great to have as many people here as possible with a command of the literature.
1. Stop calling me intellectually dishonest.
OR
2. Back it up with evidence.
You are the one who seems obsessed with dishonesty. I tend to assume people are honest until they prove otherwise (this gets me in trouble sometimes, the perils of growing up in a high trust society which is quickly becoming lower trust).No. I have learned through bitter experience that refuting you is a waste of time. I have expended thousands of words doing so (literally, for a start see my link above) with little to no acknowledgment that anything I have said is either valid or useful (contrast that with I try to say complimentary things when I think Santoculto makes a good point, I just find it difficult to find examples of that).
Basically I choose not to respond (aka give up) when I realize a given conversation has reached the point of uselessness (admittedly sometimes I am slow to recognize this). I also often choose not to respond to comments I do not find understandable--which is distressingly frequent.I don't refute that because I agree with it. They are different, but correlations exist. Perhaps it would help if I give the definition of arrogance I internalized at a very competitive college (arrogance was a frequent topic of conversation there).
It's not arrogance if you can back it up.
I know I have an ego (as you say, self esteem). The thing I find demoralizing is how frequently people find simple demonstrations of competence to be threatening, bragging, or arrogant.
Santoculto, if you would spend more time demonstrating your excellence and humility and less time asserting them we would get along much better.
P.S. To anyone who hasn't realized this yet, Santoculto's comments are much more fun if you read them with the assumption he is guilty of everything he accuses other people of. Projection is real...
Ah, i answer your comments on Fred post….
it’s what… grrrrrrrrrrrrrrr banzaaaaai
Opinion: Intelligence variability is not gender-dependent
Why the Greater Male Variability hypothesis is not an established fact- http://tech.mit.edu/V131/N23/veldman.html- http://www.unz.com/jthompson/intelligence-and-general-knowledge-your-starter-for-10/#comment-1837783- http://www.unz.com/jthompson/intelligence-and-general-knowledge-your-starter-for-10/#comment-1837652- http://www.unz.com/jthompson/lifestyle-advice/#comment-1809071- http://www.unz.com/jthompson/lifestyle-advice/#comment-1809777- http://www.unz.com/jthompson/tomster-on-marriage/#comment-1838477
Christopher Hitchens: Why Women Still Aren't Funny
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I7izJggqCoA
Two fascinating papers:
Why Are Most Drowning Victims Men? Sex Differences in Aquatic Skills and Behaviors
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1380371/pdf/amjph00512-0095.pdf Howland et al. (1996)
Effects of Castration on the Life Expectancy of Contemporary Men
http://lesswrong.com/lw/lm4/effects_of_castration_on_the_life_expectancy_of/
Wanted to note in regards to neurogenesis, though, that adult neurogenesis may be limited in the areas that it actually affect: http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Adult_neurogenesis
But basically, it primarily affects the hippocampus in a healthy brain, which seems sensible as a function of learning. But not necessarily to a great degree or even any to other parts of the brain.
I used to study this a great deal as a pet cause, but it seems that ultimately neurogenesis – at least adult neurogenesis – has real but overall mild effects compared to the effect of hormones or even regular drug use that passes the blood-brain barrier.
That's interesting. Lithium, also, promote neurogenesis in some parts of the brain increasing, gray matter by as much as 15%. Wonder if they have bigger brains and higher IQ's in Texas where there is lithium in the water supply in many towns, e.g., San Antonio.
As Dr. Thompson writes:This means that a preponderance of men in high positions in intellectually demanding fields might simply reflect natural ability, and not discrimination or bias.
Absolutely in agreement there. I probably didn’t expand as much as I should have. Studies like these should act as the antidote to social justice issues. Men in tech (insert any intellectual pursuit) should not be taken as discrimination, but simply a tilted board due to genetic talent and genetic interest.
In other words the implication of these studies should not be that we hire less women. It should be that we judge each applicant as an individual, and then stop wondering about why there are less women in certain professions on a grand scale.
Here are some quotes I find suggestive:The kinds of things I have an mind to test the hypothesis would be:
1. Specific examples (e.g. Boxplots) of all the brain sizes (corrected for body size?) in a given IQ bin by sex. This would provide counterexamples to argue against "almost certainly" if they exist.
2. A scatterplot of IQ vs. corrected brain size with sex indicated by different colors/symbols and separate regression lines (and/or splines) for each sex.
(I use this kind of scatterplot frequently to look at sex differences in my analyses of medical data. John Fox's car R package scatterplot function does a nice job of doing this with little effort. The separation and slopes of the regression lines give a good overview of how the differences in the y variable with respect to sex and x axis variable differences compare in size.)
Would someone who has access to the data be willing to do something like this?
One other thing that struck me was:That seems like a surprisingly low % variance explained for g. Can anyone explain the parenthetical comment to me (I would have expected restricting the variance looked at to increase the % variance explained by g, so I must be misreading)?
Any thoughts on the low % variance explained by g here?
Happy to raise these issues with the authors, but best if you write to them with your suggestions. Depending on the methods used, g usually accounts for 30-50% of the variance.
Here is a slightly out of date summary, too brief for your needs, but general background:
http://www.unz.com/jthompson/intelligence-in-2000-words
Probably more to your taste:
http://www.unz.com/jthompson/the-wechsler-factor-factory
If g explaining 30% of total subtest variance is a typical result I need to readjust my beliefs. I was more used to seeing numbers like 50-60% and occasionally higher. I suppose it depends on the exact nature of the subtests. For example, I imagine including a spatial test hurt the % variance explained for g.
If you think the authors would be receptive I can do that. If you think the idea has merit I think you saying something would help--I would certainly be happy to expand on the idea or even do analysis work if that would be acceptable. I have had mixed results as a layman dealing with academics in their area of expertise (which is understandable). On the good side, I did get to see a paper published a couple of years ago based on an email exchange I had with a researcher who had written an earlier paper in an area of common interest. They had access to a really great dataset for doing what I would call large sample social epidemiology (coincidentally, EA was their outcome variable). My idea (a refinement of something they had tried but with non-statistically significant results, based on some work I had done in another context) panned out and they were kind enough to acknowledge me which made me happy and proud.
This is what is known as a self refuting comment. Cheers.
Can an argument be true if a woman fails to understand it?
It is deeper than that. If a woman feels something is true, it must be true … because, otherwise, why would she feel so strongly about it?
Datapoints: Living among women for 70 years … and being happily married for 49 of those years.
But basically, it primarily affects the hippocampus in a healthy brain, which seems sensible as a function of learning. But not necessarily to a great degree or even any to other parts of the brain.
I used to study this a great deal as a pet cause, but it seems that ultimately neurogenesis - at least adult neurogenesis - has real but overall mild effects compared to the effect of hormones or even regular drug use that passes the blood-brain barrier.
Re: Drugs that promote neurogenesis.
That’s interesting. Lithium, also, promote neurogenesis in some parts of the brain increasing, gray matter by as much as 15%. Wonder if they have bigger brains and higher IQ’s in Texas where there is lithium in the water supply in many towns, e.g., San Antonio.
and
no…
Look, i hope i will not have anymore the ”pleasure” to ”debate” with such a intelectual as you…
I can’t reach you, sorry!!
I was agreeing and/or trusting you that you’re not a IQist but you did a great job to convince me the otherwise with your amateur capacity to manipulate other people.
I was agreeing, seriously, believe in me!! and you destroy it.
And in contrast, i don’t think your comments are derrogatively ”funny”, i think you’re very intelligent, but as always, when the instinct speak louder…
And not again, i don’t want a ”friendly’ exchange of compliments, which I know will be false, especially coming from you.
Perhaps it is my fault for not being able to understand your comments, but we seem to be talking past each other enough that I don't think it is worth it for either of us to engage the other.
Here is a slightly out of date summary, too brief for your needs, but general background:
http://www.unz.com/jthompson/intelligence-in-2000-words
Probably more to your taste:
http://www.unz.com/jthompson/the-wechsler-factor-factory
Thanks! I found the Wechsler paper (second link) dense, but if I understood correctly they were mostly talking about how much of the variance of EA (educational attainment) was explained by g and additional intelligence measures. This seems different to me than percentage of total subtest variance explained by g which was how I interpreted the other paper (if I misunderstand, corrections welcome). I would expect g to be much better at explaining the subtest results than a somewhat indirect separate variable like EA.
If g explaining 30% of total subtest variance is a typical result I need to readjust my beliefs. I was more used to seeing numbers like 50-60% and occasionally higher. I suppose it depends on the exact nature of the subtests. For example, I imagine including a spatial test hurt the % variance explained for g.
If you think the authors would be receptive I can do that. If you think the idea has merit I think you saying something would help–I would certainly be happy to expand on the idea or even do analysis work if that would be acceptable. I have had mixed results as a layman dealing with academics in their area of expertise (which is understandable). On the good side, I did get to see a paper published a couple of years ago based on an email exchange I had with a researcher who had written an earlier paper in an area of common interest. They had access to a really great dataset for doing what I would call large sample social epidemiology (coincidentally, EA was their outcome variable). My idea (a refinement of something they had tried but with non-statistically significant results, based on some work I had done in another context) panned out and they were kind enough to acknowledge me which made me happy and proud.
I believe IQ scores have been gender neutralized since the start,
And since girls have been doing better in schooling since the start, the IQ gap and gender gaps on tests like NAEP and SAT(SAT-V especially with the 50 point drop in a decade) should be even more male favoring than observed.
a sex difference in IQ by eliminating or balancing items that significantly favor either sex. Such tests, of course, cannot answer the question of sex differences in ability. However, examination of tests that were not constructed with reference to sex, along with factor analyses of test batteries that permit the comparison of males and females on factor scores, indicate that the sexes do not differ in g, the general intelligence factor. Sex differences on single items or on homogenous subtests are differences in item-specific characteristics or in group factors uncorrelated with g. But there is no evidence of a mean sex difference in g. However, there appears to be a true difference (of about 1 IQ point) in the standard deviation of IQ, with males showing the greater variability. This fact accounts for the generally observed greater frequencies of males in the extreme upper and lower ranges of the IQ distribution.2"Of course Lynn's theory came around later and there are conflicting reports both for composite and latent variable studies among adults
Any other conclusion is politically correct white-knighting.
Are you a homo?
I really can’t bring myself to accept what you seem to be putting forward (with due academic modesty and propriety) about female IQ/intelligence and general knowledge despite my having, in youth, noted that results on the fill-in-time-after-other-exams-but-for-a-prize general knowledge exam, at least at the top, strongly supported your case. Why? Because a female well known to me with a *very* high IQ measured in childhood but never in doubt has a quite extraordinary, indeed vast, knowledge of things botanical and to do with antiques, porcelain, craftworks and cooking ingredients but is way behind me on the matters of e.g. politics, military history, sports, even (I think) opera facts though she is much more musical. As for sports…
She is btw probably one of the class whose high IQs were found in a right bulge by Burt and fits with Greg Clark’s thesis on a thitherto unrecognised reason the industrial revolution occurred where and when it did. Which leads me to the truth of a joke I made with a smart younger man recently, namely that all the great female CEOs with there 0, 1 or 2 children would do more for the present and future nation if they did what their great-(great)-grandmothers did and had 16 children of whom 12 grew to adulthood (or 10 and 6 or…).
My young friend was quick to point out, and I – all marbles rolling – to acknowledge that the same could be saiď mutatis mutandis, of male CEOs!
For the present thread I note the implications of the truth of (relevantly) lower female IQs adds considerable weight to my anti-dysgenic point about them contributing more if they had 15 (or 5) children (as long as enough of their issue were male my nitpicking mind adds). Funny how I have recently invested in three science based startups (funny how many years starting up can take: it makes recent increases in longevity specially welcome) whose CEOs are attractive 30 or 40ish women with PhDs in scientific disciplines, all recommended by smart men as it happens. (A good reminder that averages and probabilities are what count even if politicians and opinionmakers will never grasp and acknowledge it.)
Factor analysis should get around this problem to some degree and there are batteries available that have not been constructed to avoid sex differences (British Ability scales, GATB, only makes sense to compare the general factor for those). E.g. see Jensen’s conclusions in 1981
“Some intelligence tests have been deliberately constructed to minimize or eliminate
a sex difference in IQ by eliminating or balancing items that significantly favor either sex. Such tests, of course, cannot answer the question of sex differences in ability. However, examination of tests that were not constructed with reference to sex, along with factor analyses of test batteries that permit the comparison of males and females on factor scores, indicate that the sexes do not differ in g, the general intelligence factor. Sex differences on single items or on homogenous subtests are differences in item-specific characteristics or in group factors uncorrelated with g. But there is no evidence of a mean sex difference in g. However, there appears to be a true difference (of about 1 IQ point) in the standard deviation of IQ, with males showing the greater variability. This fact accounts for the generally observed greater frequencies of males in the extreme upper and lower ranges of the IQ distribution.2″
Of course Lynn’s theory came around later and there are conflicting reports both for composite and latent variable studies among adults
I’ve been sloppy. I forgot to mention and justify my chosen discount rate for assessing the relative utility of women as breeders as against women as scientists and CEOs. Some high minded greats have chosen 1 per cent or even zero. (It would be an interesting subject for a mini thesis to research the effect of age and number and age of issue on implicit discount rates. Does the 90 year old patriarch with multiple great-grandchildren and a prospect of his genes multiplying over 100 years decrease his discount rate compared with his 40 year old self? It may be that he does because he has had time to reflect that the only goods are the welfare of others and that his others, once the immediate nuclear family is no more, are his multigeneration tribe (not excluding collaterals).
I seem to remember that (Lord) Nicholas Stern adopted a zero discount rate in asssessing what should be done now about AGW and, on Googling I am reminded that he cited my intellectual hero Frank Ramsey in support (Keynes quoted another as describing FR as one of the chief intellectual glories of Cambridge – who taught himself enough German in a few months to be able, at the age of 24, to supervise Wittgenstein’s PhD, and died at 31). What does psychology say about age related choice of discount rates?
Interesting. I hope you get an informed response. May I draw your attention to #103 and #105 if you have a few minutes.
If only that point could be easily ascertained by the greater population, none of this science would be controversial. By looking at a woman, you have no rational way of determining where she falls on the IQ spectrum in relation to all women, so even with the knowledge that women's IQs are generally a few points less than men, you can't say anything with surety about an individual woman's IQ.
The implication of these studies should be that we should treat each person as an individual, not as a member of a collective group. Knowing the colour of my skin or my gender tells you nothing about me, simply because of the great variance that exists within populations. Only by admitting we are not born equal and we are not the same, can a true meritocracy be established where each person is treated as an individual. Studies like this should relegate identity politics and any sort of Marxist ideal into the tumble-drier of nonsense where it belongs.
Unfortunately as we have seen with Charles Murray and others, the opposite has been, and will likely continue to be true.
“By looking at a woman…..””. You speak as a mere man. The women I love could write a book (maybe a novel) about what they know when they have looked at a womsn….
I can’t wait to tell my wife I really did have it all figured out at age 5 — girls ARE dumb! Who knew… ???
Latent g factor extracted from one battery correlates extremely well with latent g of another battery so that might be a better measure to compare the sexes on. Also I think it was Jensen who advocated comparing g factor scores and I greatly respect Jensen.
I'm not up to date with the literature on general knowledge. Stumbled across a study on Twitter a while ago which showed that you can manipulate tests to favor either sex but that's not necessarily a convincing argument to disprove male advantage here. We would have to find out what "the best measure" of general knowledge looks like I assume
If you have a few minutes you may find something of interest in #103 and/or #105. I am a bit sceptical about JT’s blithe apparent assumption that making the test of general knowledge “general” is easý enough.
With some apprehensive modesty I commend #101 and #103 to you for a very spare moment.
Sorry #101 and #103 now.
Latent g factor extracted from one battery correlates extremely well with latent g of another battery so that might be a better measure to compare the sexes on. Also I think it was Jensen who advocated comparing g factor scores and I greatly respect Jensen.
I'm not up to date with the literature on general knowledge. Stumbled across a study on Twitter a while ago which showed that you can manipulate tests to favor either sex but that's not necessarily a convincing argument to disprove male advantage here. We would have to find out what "the best measure" of general knowledge looks like I assume
Oops! UR’s or my error: #101 and #103
1. Stop calling me intellectually dishonest.
OR
2. Back it up with evidence.
You are the one who seems obsessed with dishonesty. I tend to assume people are honest until they prove otherwise (this gets me in trouble sometimes, the perils of growing up in a high trust society which is quickly becoming lower trust).No. I have learned through bitter experience that refuting you is a waste of time. I have expended thousands of words doing so (literally, for a start see my link above) with little to no acknowledgment that anything I have said is either valid or useful (contrast that with I try to say complimentary things when I think Santoculto makes a good point, I just find it difficult to find examples of that).
Basically I choose not to respond (aka give up) when I realize a given conversation has reached the point of uselessness (admittedly sometimes I am slow to recognize this). I also often choose not to respond to comments I do not find understandable--which is distressingly frequent.I don't refute that because I agree with it. They are different, but correlations exist. Perhaps it would help if I give the definition of arrogance I internalized at a very competitive college (arrogance was a frequent topic of conversation there).
It's not arrogance if you can back it up.
I know I have an ego (as you say, self esteem). The thing I find demoralizing is how frequently people find simple demonstrations of competence to be threatening, bragging, or arrogant.
Santoculto, if you would spend more time demonstrating your excellence and humility and less time asserting them we would get along much better.
P.S. To anyone who hasn't realized this yet, Santoculto's comments are much more fun if you read them with the assumption he is guilty of everything he accuses other people of. Projection is real...
With due modesty I invite your attention in a relaxed and idle moment to #101 and #103…
Regarding smart women in general, I have been around my share between my family growing up, college, and later in work and hobbies (and I rather like smart women, but that's another topic). The problem I have is I have a bit of a math bias and am an engineer. I think it's hard to argue with men dominating the high end of math (or spatial) dominated professions--not that there are no exceptional women, they are just relatively rare. Regarding general knowledge I get more of a sense of men and women are different rather than better or worse. Men seem better at detailed knowledge of arcane facts, while women seem better at tracking relationships and fuzzier knowledge. As a thought experiment, think how those traits might be useful in studying something like history in different fashions.
Regarding the relative contribution of motherhood and career, to my mind that is someone else's personal choice. I think someone who is unhappy in either role is going to have trouble maximizing her contribution. I wish our society could find a way to better integrate having a career and having children reasonably early for women who want to do both. I think a good approach would be to have a part time job varying in flexibility and hours as children grow up transitioning back into full time if desired as the nest empties. But at the end of the day, it's not really my call. From a purely utilitarian view, I suspect something like that would come close to maximizing societal utility for many/most smart women, but presumably some will do better following their work talents full force and some will do better focusing exclusively on being a mother and homemaker.
One complicating factor is the societal issue of allocating scarce and expensive educational resources. Educating doctors, lawyers, etc. who never practice or only practice for a few years is a problem IMHO.
One thing that I think gets underrated in conversations like this is the value of having a smart mother who has the time and inclination to stimulate and challenge her children.
P.S. That was rambling and I'm not sure I got even close to what you are looking for. But I am interested if you have a response.
That’s simply a caricature.
Whatever your point of views, it's good elaborate it, by now it's just your opinion, and without the intention to be impolite with you, ;)
As with “hopefully” and other linguistic tics, that’s probably a list cause.
I don’t understand, you are agree with me or not*
Whatever your point of views, it’s good elaborate it, by now it’s just your opinion, and without the intention to be impolite with you,
I just read your comment again. If you were agreeing with me I sincerely don’t see it. I see lots of sniping comments (which is fair enough, I haven’t exactly been nice to you in my last few comments) which I find hard to interpret. And then you follow up with “it’s what… grrrrrrrrrrrrrrr banzaaaaai” in a later comment.
Perhaps it is my fault for not being able to understand your comments, but we seem to be talking past each other enough that I don’t think it is worth it for either of us to engage the other.
If i have a example on portuguese, maybe i would understand better and:
- try to improve where i fail miserably [less grammar, it would mean: i need learn english, different than ''just improve something'']
or
- disappear for ever and ever from here.
This biased study also confirms that sexism is rampant in science. This is no way to accommodate women or people of color in science, so I propose that these scientists get sacked from whatever jobs they have. They should also engage in self-criticism sessions.
Gosh, I’m surprised that you’re not president of Harvard yet.s
Look little depreciate isn't sir*
Women advantage on episodic memory seems less important than better spatial ability for Thompson, a wise man...Res**Again. We have two salient differences, but seems, male advantage matter and female advantage don't matter...
Female advantage matters, otherwise the game would progress quickly to a position of clear male advantage. Which it hasn’t. Perhaps females lever their ad in remembering male transgressions to dampen or nullify male advantages in other areas. Or perhaps it is not simply a zero-sum male/female conflict, and there are opportunities for cooperation to attend other measures.
Similar to, dog is good to do things that are related to their owners...
I don't understand that men who are heterossexual and hate or despise woman... It's just a sexual thing*
Yes, i know men are on avg smarter than women in cognitive demanding areas, even where we expect women to excel for example in arts [literature] and philosophy, verbal ones, men still excel over women, even [2] in this areas women tend to be less ''butchered'', but there are some departments women excel men not just in the top but also on avg, one of the most important of all, in terms of interpersonal interactions: empathy.
Thanks to the lower empathy, ALMOST men who invented sophisticated ways to eliminate white race from earth surface. Thanks to the lower empathy, the percent of violent behavior, specially irrational ones, are very disproportionally commited by men.
In the emotional department, average men are dumber if compared with women, as well women are dumber to men in the logic department. And men still have the upper hand because MOST of human conflicts are forged by them and also because logic is obviously more efficient to understand the reality than emotion, even emotion is also very important in other aspects of the same fundamental task: understand reality.
I’m not sure what specifically you are looking for, but some thoughts…
Regarding smart women in general, I have been around my share between my family growing up, college, and later in work and hobbies (and I rather like smart women, but that’s another topic). The problem I have is I have a bit of a math bias and am an engineer. I think it’s hard to argue with men dominating the high end of math (or spatial) dominated professions–not that there are no exceptional women, they are just relatively rare. Regarding general knowledge I get more of a sense of men and women are different rather than better or worse. Men seem better at detailed knowledge of arcane facts, while women seem better at tracking relationships and fuzzier knowledge. As a thought experiment, think how those traits might be useful in studying something like history in different fashions.
Regarding the relative contribution of motherhood and career, to my mind that is someone else’s personal choice. I think someone who is unhappy in either role is going to have trouble maximizing her contribution. I wish our society could find a way to better integrate having a career and having children reasonably early for women who want to do both. I think a good approach would be to have a part time job varying in flexibility and hours as children grow up transitioning back into full time if desired as the nest empties. But at the end of the day, it’s not really my call. From a purely utilitarian view, I suspect something like that would come close to maximizing societal utility for many/most smart women, but presumably some will do better following their work talents full force and some will do better focusing exclusively on being a mother and homemaker.
One complicating factor is the societal issue of allocating scarce and expensive educational resources. Educating doctors, lawyers, etc. who never practice or only practice for a few years is a problem IMHO.
One thing that I think gets underrated in conversations like this is the value of having a smart mother who has the time and inclination to stimulate and challenge her children.
P.S. That was rambling and I’m not sure I got even close to what you are looking for. But I am interested if you have a response.
I add that I would like to ensure the tax system gave more help to professional and academic couples wanting to have 3 or more children despite hardly beginning to be high earners till they are 30 or so.
Perhaps it is my fault for not being able to understand your comments, but we seem to be talking past each other enough that I don't think it is worth it for either of us to engage the other.
I DON’T understand how hard is my english for you and seems most people here, i ALWAYS think my english is a sheetoos, extremely poor, easy to conclude, but minimalistic, without slang or other peculiarity, so…
If i have a example on portuguese, maybe i would understand better and:
- try to improve where i fail miserably [less grammar, it would mean: i need learn english, different than ''just improve something'']
or
- disappear for ever and ever from here.
I think using more simple declarative sentences (like in your last comment) might help. I get a sense you are trying to be creative in the way you express yourself in a way that confuses me. I have a similar habit in English which probably doesn't help your understanding of what I write either.
Perhaps you could try an experiment and Google translate into Portuguese something by a native English speaker (say part of Dr. Thompson's article without technical jargon?) and a passage of yours in English and see how they differ? Alternatively, write something in both English and Portuguese and see how Google translate in each direction compares to your versions?
Probably best would be to find someone fluent in English who knows enough Portuguese to give you feedback.
Sir Thompson here with this part creates the idea that women is better to do things that are related to men while men are better to do things, period. Women as a moon and men as a planet earth, in its orbit.
Similar to, dog is good to do things that are related to their owners…
I don’t understand that men who are heterossexual and hate or despise woman… It’s just a sexual thing*
Yes, i know men are on avg smarter than women in cognitive demanding areas, even where we expect women to excel for example in arts [literature] and philosophy, verbal ones, men still excel over women, even [2] in this areas women tend to be less ”butchered”, but there are some departments women excel men not just in the top but also on avg, one of the most important of all, in terms of interpersonal interactions: empathy.
Thanks to the lower empathy, ALMOST men who invented sophisticated ways to eliminate white race from earth surface. Thanks to the lower empathy, the percent of violent behavior, specially irrational ones, are very disproportionally commited by men.
In the emotional department, average men are dumber if compared with women, as well women are dumber to men in the logic department. And men still have the upper hand because MOST of human conflicts are forged by them and also because logic is obviously more efficient to understand the reality than emotion, even emotion is also very important in other aspects of the same fundamental task: understand reality.
Four IQ points sounds about right to me. For white people, that is.
I’m pretty sure that whites are more sexually dimorphic intellectually speaking than Asians. Check the SAT scores by race and gender, then look at whites and orientals, and you’ll see that white women fall significantly behind oriental women whereas white men and oriental men are pretty close.
A significant portion of the white/oriental achievement test gap can be accounted for by lower white female scores.
That's interesting. Lithium, also, promote neurogenesis in some parts of the brain increasing, gray matter by as much as 15%. Wonder if they have bigger brains and higher IQ's in Texas where there is lithium in the water supply in many towns, e.g., San Antonio.
I have no objections whatsoever to involuntary experiments run on unsuspecting populations, either. I was thinking more of the well-known negative effects such as lead, but also some mildly positive effects such as green tea.
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0195666310000267
Its a pretty interesting topic overall.
If i have a example on portuguese, maybe i would understand better and:
- try to improve where i fail miserably [less grammar, it would mean: i need learn english, different than ''just improve something'']
or
- disappear for ever and ever from here.
Some thoughts, but I don’t claim to have good answers. I speak English only (well, enough French so the French don’t mind speaking English so much after hearing a little, they don’t like hearing their language butchered, sad on my part really, I am sincere when I compliment you on being able to make yourself understood at all in a foreign language, especially in such volume).
I think using more simple declarative sentences (like in your last comment) might help. I get a sense you are trying to be creative in the way you express yourself in a way that confuses me. I have a similar habit in English which probably doesn’t help your understanding of what I write either.
Perhaps you could try an experiment and Google translate into Portuguese something by a native English speaker (say part of Dr. Thompson’s article without technical jargon?) and a passage of yours in English and see how they differ? Alternatively, write something in both English and Portuguese and see how Google translate in each direction compares to your versions?
Probably best would be to find someone fluent in English who knows enough Portuguese to give you feedback.
Not sure what you are referring to. The lithium in the water supply in many parts of Texas has not been deliberately added like fluoride, neither is it a contaminant from old pipes, or whatever. The lithium occurs naturally in the ground water sources used in Texas.
I can just about believe that tea stimulates the brain, as the paper your reference indicates, although the only thing that really worked for me was tobacco. Since I gave it up, almost 50 years ago, I’ve never felt quite normal. On the plus side, or so I am inclined to think, I’m still alive.
Similar to, dog is good to do things that are related to their owners...
I don't understand that men who are heterossexual and hate or despise woman... It's just a sexual thing*
Yes, i know men are on avg smarter than women in cognitive demanding areas, even where we expect women to excel for example in arts [literature] and philosophy, verbal ones, men still excel over women, even [2] in this areas women tend to be less ''butchered'', but there are some departments women excel men not just in the top but also on avg, one of the most important of all, in terms of interpersonal interactions: empathy.
Thanks to the lower empathy, ALMOST men who invented sophisticated ways to eliminate white race from earth surface. Thanks to the lower empathy, the percent of violent behavior, specially irrational ones, are very disproportionally commited by men.
In the emotional department, average men are dumber if compared with women, as well women are dumber to men in the logic department. And men still have the upper hand because MOST of human conflicts are forged by them and also because logic is obviously more efficient to understand the reality than emotion, even emotion is also very important in other aspects of the same fundamental task: understand reality.
Men may have the upper hand (on average) in the relations that matter most to men. Likely women have the master hand in the relations that matter most to women. In the relations of lower priority for either sex, I suspect the hand of mastery is traded to and fro as circumstances permit or dictate. I’m not seeing clear mastery here under all conditions for either sex.
And the usual problem in psychometrics is that poverty of details, just analyzing this type of research without do it at individual levels, as usual believing that IQ IS intelligence and not IQ is a proxy for intelligence, without try to deep more in this findings. It's terra plana strategy. Looking from distant perspective earth planet seems have a straight surface. IQ is like looking for intelligence from distant perspective.
Regarding smart women in general, I have been around my share between my family growing up, college, and later in work and hobbies (and I rather like smart women, but that's another topic). The problem I have is I have a bit of a math bias and am an engineer. I think it's hard to argue with men dominating the high end of math (or spatial) dominated professions--not that there are no exceptional women, they are just relatively rare. Regarding general knowledge I get more of a sense of men and women are different rather than better or worse. Men seem better at detailed knowledge of arcane facts, while women seem better at tracking relationships and fuzzier knowledge. As a thought experiment, think how those traits might be useful in studying something like history in different fashions.
Regarding the relative contribution of motherhood and career, to my mind that is someone else's personal choice. I think someone who is unhappy in either role is going to have trouble maximizing her contribution. I wish our society could find a way to better integrate having a career and having children reasonably early for women who want to do both. I think a good approach would be to have a part time job varying in flexibility and hours as children grow up transitioning back into full time if desired as the nest empties. But at the end of the day, it's not really my call. From a purely utilitarian view, I suspect something like that would come close to maximizing societal utility for many/most smart women, but presumably some will do better following their work talents full force and some will do better focusing exclusively on being a mother and homemaker.
One complicating factor is the societal issue of allocating scarce and expensive educational resources. Educating doctors, lawyers, etc. who never practice or only practice for a few years is a problem IMHO.
One thing that I think gets underrated in conversations like this is the value of having a smart mother who has the time and inclination to stimulate and challenge her children.
P.S. That was rambling and I'm not sure I got even close to what you are looking for. But I am interested if you have a response.
Wèll, on the run, no negative response. Difficult point about the public (including private university) resources being devoted to those who then hardly use the qualification, but a real one. I can’t see a really good answer in practice.
I add that I would like to ensure the tax system gave more help to professional and academic couples wanting to have 3 or more children despite hardly beginning to be high earners till they are 30 or so.
Adam was talking to God in the Garden of Eden.
“Why did you make Eve, God?” asked Adam.
“So you wouldn’t be lonely, Adam”, God replied.
“But why did you make her so pretty?” asked Adam.
“I made her pretty so that you would like her, Adam.”
“But why did you make her so dumb?” asked Adam.
“I made her dumb so that she would like you, Adam”.
Amor omnia vincit.
Eve was not actually all that pretty - I could show you, in a half hour in a suburban mall, 20 or 30 more beautiful women ... but she was the most beautiful woman Adam had ever seen. I would have fallen hopelessly in love with her too. She probably looked like one of my high school girlfriends - to look at me now you would not believe it, but back in the day there were two beautiful young women who actually fought over me. I mean, not real fighting, but something close, I do not really know how to describe it. Well those days are long gone, but I still love both of them, and my heart aches that they are no longer in my life in the way that they used to be.
It is nice to have memories like that, whether you are a man or a woman. And if you do not have memories like that, that is ok too: God created us for love; ---and --- If we have not been loved on this earth God knows why not, and in his infinite love God knows how to compensate for our sorrows. Words are rather pale things compared to paintings or songs or, much more, compared to real feelings of love between one person and another: but words are, for now, pale as they may be, the only unambiguous common language between God (who can, unlike us, speak in images, and in sounds, and in creation, and, yes, like us, in words, while we can only speak in words) and us. Even if we are relatively ugly (you are the one who mocked Adam's ugliness) male descendants of Adam and even if we are relatively ugly female descendants of Eve (not that you said anything implying she was ugly - but I have heard the gossip and I know that, probably, if you were at the same mirror at the prom as her and she (Eve) was some young woman you did not know well, you likely would have thought, thank God I do not have as much problems as her at getting my mascara to look, if not right, at least not wrong.... true that my friend?)
and the only words I have to say to you are: Eve desperately loved Adam, Adam desperately loved Eve, and they are so sad that their descendants have not all had that level of love in their hearts. Well it is kind of their fault but that makes them even sadder! (Not that I would have done any better, of course....)
Thanks for reading, Michelle. (I know that you probably will not read this. That is the world I live in. Sigh.) Galatians is good. Think about what the word "Galatians" means. You are after all named after one of the three great archangels of ancient and ever new friendship!
Absolutely not. Just because they’re morons doesn’t mean I have no use for women. But that you would out with a remark like that, I DO wonder about YOU.
what would ernest borgnine do said: Michelle, oh Michelle. You remind me of me …. but seriously – if you met a man remotely like Adam – the real Adam – you would immediately fall hopelessly in love before the clock ticked one more second. I wouldn’t – but you would.
Amor omnia vincit.
Eve was not actually all that pretty – I could show you, in a half hour in a suburban mall, 20 or 30 more beautiful women … but she was the most beautiful woman Adam had ever seen. I would have fallen hopelessly in love with her too. She probably looked like one of my high school girlfriends – to look at me now you would not believe it, but back in the day there were two beautiful young women who actually fought over me. I mean, not real fighting, but something close, I do not really know how to describe it. Well those days are long gone, but I still love both of them, and my heart aches that they are no longer in my life in the way that they used to be.
It is nice to have memories like that, whether you are a man or a woman. And if you do not have memories like that, that is ok too: God created us for love; —and — If we have not been loved on this earth God knows why not, and in his infinite love God knows how to compensate for our sorrows. Words are rather pale things compared to paintings or songs or, much more, compared to real feelings of love between one person and another: but words are, for now, pale as they may be, the only unambiguous common language between God (who can, unlike us, speak in images, and in sounds, and in creation, and, yes, like us, in words, while we can only speak in words) and us. Even if we are relatively ugly (you are the one who mocked Adam’s ugliness) male descendants of Adam and even if we are relatively ugly female descendants of Eve (not that you said anything implying she was ugly – but I have heard the gossip and I know that, probably, if you were at the same mirror at the prom as her and she (Eve) was some young woman you did not know well, you likely would have thought, thank God I do not have as much problems as her at getting my mascara to look, if not right, at least not wrong…. true that my friend?)
and the only words I have to say to you are: Eve desperately loved Adam, Adam desperately loved Eve, and they are so sad that their descendants have not all had that level of love in their hearts. Well it is kind of their fault but that makes them even sadder! (Not that I would have done any better, of course….)
Thanks for reading, Michelle. (I know that you probably will not read this. That is the world I live in. Sigh.) Galatians is good. Think about what the word “Galatians” means. You are after all named after one of the three great archangels of ancient and ever new friendship!
It always takes me about two cups of coffee and five cigarettes to get through the Unz comments in the morning.
I think using more simple declarative sentences (like in your last comment) might help. I get a sense you are trying to be creative in the way you express yourself in a way that confuses me. I have a similar habit in English which probably doesn't help your understanding of what I write either.
Perhaps you could try an experiment and Google translate into Portuguese something by a native English speaker (say part of Dr. Thompson's article without technical jargon?) and a passage of yours in English and see how they differ? Alternatively, write something in both English and Portuguese and see how Google translate in each direction compares to your versions?
Probably best would be to find someone fluent in English who knows enough Portuguese to give you feedback.
I also think many people here create a straw man about my English. It’s exactly what i try to do. I’m less “declarative” but no in predominant way. Maybe its my ideas usually via metaphoric language that it’s not understandable. If it is the case…
I also think like that and it’s explain partially why women seems lost to understand masculine conflicts. But also the logic differential (not rationality I believe men will perform better than women also in this task). The problem is that many people namely conservatives think it’s fixed in the space and time while I believe it’s a “selective confounding”. Women has been selected to be less logically smart then men but also more empathetic.
And the usual problem in psychometrics is that poverty of details, just analyzing this type of research without do it at individual levels, as usual believing that IQ IS intelligence and not IQ is a proxy for intelligence, without try to deep more in this findings. It’s terra plana strategy. Looking from distant perspective earth planet seems have a straight surface. IQ is like looking for intelligence from distant perspective.
harry and paul women know your limits
Yes, quitting undoubtedly lowered my IQ. Even Einstein seems to have needed a shot of nicotine to get that space time business sorted out. Come to think of it, perhaps that’s why women are dumber, they don’t smoke as much.
I was being silly. And yes, it would seem like a possible vector for change.
Definitely agree about tobacco – it does seem to have significant effects at clearing the mind, if only it didn’t have other side effects. 6 IQ points as per your article, though! If that was consistently true, that would be drastic.
Interesting thoughts. I’ll extend that in general, it feels like higher IQ is anti-fertility these days, both male and female – so we’re likely to continue to see a dysgenic effect. In terms of R/K selection, the world actually may be R selected now such that populations that focus primarily on increasing themselves will not suffer much consequence for it.
Sadly or otherwise, the most highly reproducing women these days that I personally know are women who have genuine learning disabilities(I know one who scored between 80 to 90 IQ). While their lives aren’t great, nothing seems to prevent them from having oodles of children.